Table 6.
Patient outcome based on various parameters (average years of follow-up)
| All patients | A, NED | D, NED | A, D | D, D | Statistical significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients with follow-up (mean) | 86 (19.4) | 19 (18.9) | 16 (13.3) | 5 (5.4) | 46 (6.4) | n/a |
| Follow-up range (years) | 0.4 to 37.5 | 3.7 to 37.5 | 0.7 to 31.2 | 1.5 to 12.3 | 0.4 to 17.0 | n/a |
| Sex | ||||||
| Males | 41 (9.8) | 8 (16.9) | 10 (12.1) | 2 (8.3) | 21 (6.1) | p = 0.687 |
| Females | 45 (10.9) | 11 (20.3) | 6 (15.2) | 3 (3.6) | 25 (6.7) | |
| Age | ||||||
| <60 years | 47 (12.2) | 12 (22.1) | 5 (18.1) | 4 (5.8) | 26 (7.5) | p = 0.470 |
| ≥60 years | 39 (8.2) | 7 (13.3) | 11 (11.1) | 1 (4.8) | 20 (13.3) | |
| Size | ||||||
| <4.0 cm | 50 (10.6) | 10 (20.0) | 11 (12.3) | 2 (5.5) | 27 (6.8) | p = 0.751 |
| ≥4.0 cm | 36 (10.1) | 9 (17.6) | 5 (15.3) | 3 (5.4) | 19 (5.9) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
| Present | 33 (6.6) | 3 (6.4) | 3 (13.0) | 3 (4.2) | 24 (6.1) | p = 0.0058 |
| Absent | 53 (12.8) | 16 (21.2) | 13 (13.3) | 2 (7.3) | 22 (6.8) | |
| Neural invasion | ||||||
| Present | 47 (6.7) | 6 (7.3) | 2 (15.9) | 4 (6.2) | 35 (6.1) | p < 0.0001 |
| Absent | 39 (14.9) | 13 (24.3) | 14 (12.9) | 1 (2.4) | 11 (7.5) | |
| Bone invasion | ||||||
| Present | 66 (8.8) | 11 (16.7) | 7 (14.8) | 5 (5.5) | 43 (6.2) | p = 0.0005 |
| Absent | 20 (15.7) | 8 (21.9) | 9 (12.1) | n/a | 3 (9.9) | |
| Necrosis | ||||||
| Present | 16 (4.8) | 4 (6.1) | 1 (13.3) | 2 (5.5) | 9 (3.1) | p = 0.806 |
| Absent | 70 (11.7) | 15 (22.3) | 15 (13.3) | 3 (5.4) | 37 (7.2) | |
| Atypical mitoses | ||||||
| Present | 11 (6.2) | 2 (13.5) | 1 (4.9) | 1 (4.3) | 7 (4.6) | p = 0.473 |
| Absent | 75 (11.0) | 17 (19.5) | 15 (13.8) | 4 (5.8) | 39 (6.8) | |
| Histologic type | ||||||
| Cribriform (>70 %) | 33 (11.9) | 6 (24.4) | 10 (11.6) | 1 (12.3) | 16 (7.4) | p = 0.101 |
| Tubular (>70 %) | 16 (11.1) | 7 (13.1) | 2 (9.4) | n/a | 7 (9.7) | |
| Solid (>70 %) | 9 (4.4) | 1 (5.0) | n/a | 1 (2.4) | 7 (4.5) | p = 0.006 |
| Grade | p = 0.089 | |||||
| 1 | 22 (12.5) | 8 (17.6) | 3 (16.1) | n/a | 11 (7.8) | |
| 2 | 37 (11.3) | 6 (28.5) | 8 (9.5) | 2 (6.9) | 21 (7.5) | |
| 3 | 27 (7.5) | 5 (9.4) | 5 (17.6) | 3 (4.5) | 14 (3.8) | |
| Recurrence | ||||||
| With recurrence | 52 (8.2) | 2 (19.3) | 5 (19.3) | 4 (6.4) | 41 (6.5) | p < 0.0001 |
| Without recurrences | 34 (13.7) | 17 (18.5) | 11 (10.5) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (5.92) | |
| Anatomic site | ||||||
| Maxillary sinus alone | 4 (5.8) | n/a | n/a | n/a | 4 (5.8) | p = 0.527 |
| Nasal cavity alone | 25 (15.9) | 8 (24.4) | 8 (14.5) | n/a | 9 (9.7) | p = 0.004 |
| Nasopharynx alone | 13 (8.9) | 3 (14.9) | 2 (7.7) | n/a | 8 (7.0) | p = 0.527 |
| Mixed anatomic sites | 44 (8.1) | 8 (14.9) | 6 (13.5) | 5 (5.5) | 25 (5.2) | p < 0.000 |
| Skull base involvement | 26 (6.5) | n/a | 3 (14.4) | 2 (4.6) | 21 (5.5) | p = 0.005 |
| Stage | ||||||
| I | 37 (13.2) | 9 (23.0) | 10 (13.1) | n/a | 18 (8.3) | p = 0.084 |
| II | 5 (8.8) | 2 (16.4) | n/a | n/a | 3 (3.8) | p = 0.856 |
| III | 15 (8.5) | 2 (19.3) | 4 (13.9) | n/a | 9 (3.6) | p = 0.878 |
| IV | 29 (8.1) | 6 (13.4) | 2 (12.9) | 5 (5.5) | 16 (6.4) | p = 0.013 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Surgery only | 46 (12.2) | 10 (24.9) | 9 (14.1) | n/a | 27 (6.9) | p = 0.093 |
| Radiation only | 4 (4.1) | n/a | 2 (4.1) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (6.7) | p = 0.277 |
| Combination therapy | 36 (8.8) | 9 (12.2) | 5 (15.4) | 4 (6.4) | 18 (5.7) | p = 0.545 |
Bold values are statistically significant (p < 0.05)
A, NED alive, no evidence of disease; D, NED Dead, no evidence of disease; A WD alive, with disease either local or metastatic; D, WD dead, with disease either local or metastatic; n/a not applicable