TABLE 1.
Demographics, mortality and select microbiological investigations among hepatitis B infected (hepatitis B surface antigen-positive) and noninfected (hepatitis B surface antigen-negative) HIV-positive individuals in Northern Alberta, 1982 to 2010*
| Demographic characteristic |
Hepatitis B virus surface antigen status
|
P‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (n=143†) | Negative (n=2436†) | ||
| Age at diagnosis, years | 32 (28–40) | 34 (28–41) | 0.2 |
| Age at death, years | 41 (35–48) | 49 (33–48) | 0.8 |
| Years of life after HIV diagnosis | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–8) | 0.9 |
| Year of HIV identification* | 1996 (1989–2001) | 1999 (1993–2004) | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 126 (88.1) | 1736 (71.3) | <0.001 |
| Deceased, n (%) | 49 (34.3) | 437 (17.9) | <0.001 |
| Incarceration, n (%) | 26 (19.3) | 504 (24.4) | 0.2 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Caucasian | 88 (61.5) | 1314 (53.9) | 0.004 |
| Aboriginal | 20 (14.0) | 674 (27.7) | |
| Black | 25 (17.5) | 351 (14.4) | |
| Other | 6 (4.2) | 97 (4.0) | |
| Risk factors§, n (%) | |||
| Needle stick | 0 (0.0) | 11 (0.45) | 1.0 |
| Transfusion | 3 (2.1) | 56 (2.3) | 1.0 |
| Vertical | 1 (0.7) | 13 (0.53) | 0.6 |
| Bisexual | 20 (14.0) | 245 (10.1) | 0.1 |
| Men who have sex with men (males only) | 75 (59.5) | 859 (49.5) | 0.03 |
| Injection drug use | 39 (27.3) | 833 (34.2) | 0.09 |
| Unknown | 3 (2.1) | 23 (0.94) | 0.2 |
| Serology, n (%) | |||
| Anti-hepatitis B surface antigen positive | 22 (17.7) | 1167 (50.4) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hepatitis B core antibody negative | 6 (9.8) | 773 (61.6) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hepatitis C virus positive | 37 (37.0) | 801 (40.0) | 0.6 |
| Hepatitis C virus RNA positive | 3 (15.8) | 261 (63.7) | 0.002 |
| Anti-hepatitis A virus positive | 43 (70.4) | 1035 (69.9) | 0.9 |
Data presented as median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated.
*
Data collection ended in May 2010;
†
Denominators may not equal column totals due to missing data or serology testing not being performed;
‡
Calculated using Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables and χ2 or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables;
§
Risk factor information is not mutually exclusive