Table 2. Prevalence of depression and reaction by managers to employees with depression by country.
| Weighted percent (95% Confidence Interval) | ||||||||
| Denmark (n = 1013) | France (n = 1003) | Germany (n = 1001) | Great Britain (n = 1002) | Italy (n = 1017) | Spain (n = 1008) | Turkey (n = 1021) | p-value | |
| Employee clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| Prevalence of employees reporting a diagnosis of depression | <0.001 | |||||||
| Females | 20.7 (16.7, 24.7) | 23.2 (19.4, 27.0) | 24.7 (20.8, 28.7) | 36.1 (31.6, 40.5) | 17.2 (13.5, 20.9) | 26.1 (22.1, 30.2) | 32.4 (27.3, 37.5) | |
| Males | 18.1 (14.1, 22.1) | 15.9 (12.7, 19.1) | 14.5 (11.5, 17.6) | 18.8 (15.5, 22.0) | 9.2 (6.9, 11.6) | 17.5 (14.4, 20.7) | 19.4 (15.5, 23.2) | |
| Days off of work due to depression | <0.001 | |||||||
| 0 | 51.9 (42.5, 61.3) | 50.9 (43.5, 58.4) | 44.4 (36.67, 52.1) | 46.8 (40.4, 53.2) | 56.6 (47.4, 65.9) | 53.2 (46.1, 60.3) | 76.6 (69.7, 83.5) | |
| 1–10 | 14.2 (7.8, 20.7) | 13.1 (8.1, 18.2) | 9.8 (5.2, 14.5) | 13.5 (9.1, 17.9) | 24.0 (16.0, 32.0) | 17.3 (11.9, 22.8) | 7.1 (3.8, 10.3) | |
| 11–20 | 7.9 (3.9, 12.0) | 12.0 (7.1, 16.8) | 13.7 (8.3, 19.1) | 7.6 (4.2, 11.0) | 7.8 (2.8, 12.8) | 6.1 (2.7, 9.5) | 4.2 (1.4, 7.0) | |
| 20+ | 25.9 (18.5, 33.4) | 24.0 (17.6 (30.4) | 32.1 (24.8, 39.3) | 32.1 (26.1, 38.1) | 11.5 (5.5, 17.5) | 23.4 (17.4, 29.4) | 12.1 (6.0, 18.3) | |
| Manager-reported reactions to an employee with depression | ||||||||
| Offered help | 51.2 (46.7, 55.8) | 44.5 (40.3, 48.7) | 38.7 (33.6, 43.9) | 53.0 (48.3, 57.8) | 39.7 (35.0, 44.4) | 56.2 (51.8, 60.6) | 55.2 (49.3, 61.1) | <0.001 |
| Offered flexible working pattern | 12.5 (9.7, 15.4) | 10.0 (7.5, 12.5) | 8.5 (5.6, 11.4) | 11.9 (8.8, 14.9) | 7.5 (4.9, 10.0) | 9.3 (6.7, 11.8) | 13.6 (10.0, 17.1) | <0.001 |
| Encouraged talking to a healthcare professional | 29.6 (25.3, 33.9) | 41.5 (37.3, 45.6) | 28.1 (23.4, 32.9) | 39.8 (35.1, 44.4) | 38.5 (33.8, 43.1) | 44.9 (40.5, 49.3) | 35.5 (30.1, 40.9) | <0.001 |
| Avoided talking about it | 1.8 (0.7, 2.9) | 5.3 (3.4, 7.2) | 7.8 (4.9, 10.6) | 3.3 (1.6, 4.9) | 12.4 (9.3, 15.6) | 6.1 (4.0, 8.2) | 9.3 (5.7, 12.8) | <0.001 |
| Characteristics of benefits system by country | ||||||||
| Replacement ratio (OECD)a | 40 | 49 | 41 | 29 | 23 | 42 | 22 | <0.001 |
a
In this case, replacement ratio refers to gross replacement rates by level of individual earnings specifically including employment insurance and unemployment assistance benefits obtained via OECD.
p-values show significance level of Pearson's Chi square test.