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The resistive and elastic work of breathing (Wb) in a) a healthy control subject (age 71 yrs; body mass 78.0 kg; minute ventilation 80.5 L·min−1) and b) a patient with heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class II; ejection fraction 25%; age 73 yrs; body mass 96.4 kg; V′E 80.4 L·min−1) during graded exercise. Poes: oesophageal pressure.
