. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 12.

Published in final edited form as: JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010 Apr;3(4):343–348. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2009.12.012

Table 3.

Right Atrial Pressures Before and After PFO Closure

	Pressure (mm Hg)
Condition	Before Closure	After Closure	p Value
At rest	6.6 ± 2.6 (n = 38)	6.8 ± 2.6 (n = 25)	0.65
Valsalva maneuver	21.6 ± 11.9^* (n = 38)	28.4 ± 13.7^* (n = 24)	0.01
Manometer	38.7 ± 6.6^† (n = 34)	44.0 ± 9.3^† (n = 23)	0.06

There was no significant difference in the resting right atrial pressure before or after device deployment. There was a trend toward higher pressures with manometer and a statistically significant increase in Valsalva maneuver-generated right atrial pressures after patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure (paired Student t test, p = 0.06 with manometer and p = 0.01 with Valsalva maneuver), suggesting a learning effect with repeated Valsalva and manometer maneuvers.

p < 0.001 compared with rest.

^†

p < 0.001 compared with Valsalva maneuver.