Figure 7. Proposed mechanism of therapeutic effect of propranolol.
Schematic illustrating the proposed mechanism of propranolol on hemSCs and mature endothelial cells. (a) Schematic illustrating the penetrance of apoptotic effect of propranolol in hemangioma regression. (b) Propranolol leads to cell apoptosis in endothelial cells and other mature cell types including adipocytes through alteration of β1 adrenergic receptor signaling. Engagement of β2 (and possibly β3) receptors leads to cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition.