Table 1.

Summary of the panda genome sequencing and assembly

Step	Paired-end insert size (bp)*	Sequence coverage (×)†	Physical coverage (×)†	N50 (bp) ‡	N90 (bp) ‡	Total length (bp)
Initial contig				1,483	224	2,021,639,596
Scaffold 1	110–230; 380–570	38.5	96	32,648	7,780	2,213,848,409
Scaffold 2	Add 1,700–2,800	8.4	151	229,150	45,240	2,250,442,210
Scaffold 3	Add 3,700–7,500	6.5	450	581,933	127,336	2,297,100,301
Scaffold 4	Add 9,200–12,300	2.6	373	1,281,781	312,670	2,299,498,912
Final contig	All	56.0	1,070	39,886	9,848	2,245,302,481

Add denotes accumulative; for example, scaffold 2 uses data of 110–230, 380–570 and 1,700–2,800.

^*Approximate average insert size of Illumina Genome Analyser sequencing libraries. The sizes were estimated by mapping the reads onto the assembled genome sequences.

^†High-quality read sequences that were used in assembly. Coverage was estimated assuming a genome size of 2.4 Gb. Sequence coverage refers to the total length of generated reads, and physical coverage refers to the total length of sequenced clones of the libraries.

^‡N50 size of contigs or scaffolds was calculated by ordering all sequences then adding the lengths from longest to shortest until the summed length exceeded 50% of the total length of all sequences. N90 is similarly defined.