Table 3.
Age-standardized* cross-sectional summary statistics, BMI, WC, and overweight, children aged 2–18 years in the CHNS cohort across survey years
| Survey year
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 1993 | 1997 | 2000 | 2004 | 2006 | 2009 | 2011† | |
| Males | ||||||||
| 2–6 years old | n = 554 | n = 405 | n = 238 | n = 206 | n = 186 | n = 185 | n = 201 | n = 211 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 50.5 ± 0.4 | 51.0 ± 0.3 | 51.0 ± 0.4 | 50.7 ± 0.4 | — | — | — |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 15.7 ± 0.1 | 15.9 ± 0.1 | 15.7 ± 0.1 | 15.7 ± 0.1 | 16.1 ± 0.2 | 15.9 ± 0.2 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 16.9 ± 0.4 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 8.9 ± 1.3 | 16.1 ± 2.0 | 9.8 ± 2.1 | 10.9 ± 2.3 | 18.3 ± 3.3 | 14.9 ± 3.2 | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 15.5 ± 2.9 |
| 6–11 years old | n = 593 | n = 636 | n = 587 | n = 403 | n = 281 | n = 290 | n = 286 | n = 273 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 56.2 ± 0.5 | 56.9 ± 0.3 | 57.4 ± 0.3 | 58.3 ± 0.5 | 57.2 ± 0.6 | 59.1 ± 0.6 | 60.1 ± 0.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 15.8 ± 0.1 | 15.8 ± 0.1 | 16.2 ± 0.1 | 16.5 ± 0.1 | 16.6 ± 0.2 | 16.6 ± 0.2 | 16.7 ± 0.2 | 17.2 ± 0.3 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 6.7 ± 1.2 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 10.2 ± 1.7 | 13.6 ± 2.5 | 16.1 ± 2.6 | 17.0 ± 2.6 | 18.2 ± 3.1 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 7.9 ± 1.3 | 8.6 ± 1.3 | 10.7 ± 1.4 | 13.9 ± 1.9 | 16.5 ± 2.7 | 19.7 ± 2.8 | 19.8 ± 2.7 | 20.5 ± 3.2 |
| 11–18 years old | n = 800 | n = 724 | n = 724 | n = 854 | n = 537 | n = 358 | n = 336 | n = 279 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 65.5 ± 0.3 | 66.1 ± 0.3 | 67.3 ± 0.3 | 68.4 ± 0.4 | 69.6 ± 0.5 | 69.1 ± 0.5 | 71.3 ± 0.7 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 18.2 ± 0.0 | 18.4 ± 0.1 | 18.5 ± 0.1 | 18.7 ± 0.1 | 18.9 ± 0.1 | 19.0 ± 0.1 | 19.1 ± 0.2 | 19.7 ± 0.2 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 7.4 ± 1.1 | 8.2 ± 1.5 | 11.4 ± 1.7 | 15.8 ± 2.4 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 5.5 ± 0.9 | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 7.6 ± 1.0 | 8.9 ± 1.2 | 9.8 ± 1.6 | 12.6 ± 1.8 | 19.3 ± 2.5 |
| Females | ||||||||
| 2–6 years old | n = 473 | n = 354 | n = 176 | n = 191 | n = 142 | n = 152 | n = 168 | n = 181 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 49.4 ± 0.6 | 49.7 ± 0.5 | 49.6 ± 0.5 | 49.4 ± 0.7 | — | — | — |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 15.4 ± 0.1 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 15.3 ± 0.1 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 15.3 ± 0.2 | 15.9 ± 0.2 | 16.4 ± 0.4 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 9.6 ± 1.6 | 12.4 ± 1.9 | 11.3 ± 2.7 | 11.8 ± 2.6 | 13.7 ± 3.3 | 8.9 ± 2.1 | 20.6 ± 3.6 | 19.0 ± 3.6 |
| 6–11 years old | n = 534 | n = 542 | n = 521 | n = 379 | n = 259 | n = 235 | n = 211 | n = 248 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 54.9 ± 0.5 | 55.5 ± 0.3 | 56.0 ± 0.3 | 55.7 ± 0.5 | 55.2 ± 0.6 | 56.2 ± 0.6 | 56.9 ± 0.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 15.4 ± 0.1 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 15.8 ± 0.1 | 16.0 ± 0.1 | 16.2 ± 0.2 | 16.3 ± 0.2 | 16.2 ± 0.3 | 16.0 ± 0.3 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 6.5 ± 1.3 | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 9.4 ± 1.7 | 14.4 ± 2.6 | 13.1 ± 2.7 | 15.1 ± 3.1 | 10.4 ±1.9 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 7.2 ± 1.2 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 10.7 ± 1.6 | 11.7 ± 1.8 | 16.8 ± 2.7 | 16.8 ± 2.9 | 16.3 ± 3.1 | 12.5 ± 2.0 |
| 11–18 years old | n = 785 | n = 678 | n = 663 | n = 723 | n = 468 | n = 339 | n = 282 | n = 254 |
| WC (cm)* | — | 64.6 ± 0.3 | 65.0 ± 0.3 | 65.3 ± 0.3 | 66.0 ± 0.4 | 65.4 ± 0.4 | 66.3 ± 0.5 | 68.2 ± 0.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 18.7 ± 0.1 | 18.5 ± 0.1 | 18.7 ± 0.1 | 18.7 ± 0.1 | 18.9 ± 0.1 | 18.6 ± 0.1 | 19.1 ± 0.2 | 19.3 ± 0.2 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 3.5 ±1.0 | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | 7.8 ± 1.7 | 9.3 ± 1.9 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 5.3 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 7.1 ± 1.2 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 8.5 ± 1.8 | 11.7 ± 2.1 |
| All participants, total sample, aged 2–18, IOTF‡ | ||||||||
| Male | n = 1,947 | n = 1,765 | n = 1,549 | n = 1,463 | n = 1,004 | n = 833 | n = 823 | n = 763 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 6.2 ± 0.5 | 8.7 ± 0.7 | 7.9 ± 0.7 | 9.6 ± 0.9 | 11.6 ± 1.0 | 12.3 ± 1.1 | 12.1 ± 1.2 | 17.1 ± 1.5 |
| Female | n = 1,792 | n = 1,574 | n = 1,360 | n = 1,293 | n = 869 | n = 726 | n = 661 | n = 683 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 6.2 ± 0.6 | 7.4 ± 0.7 | 6.7 ± 0.8 | 7.2 ± 0.8 | 10.9 ± 1.1 | 9.4 ± 1.1 | 12.2 ± 1.3 | 13.7 ± 1.4 |
| Total | n = 3,739 | n = 3,339 | n = 2,909 | n = 2,756 | n = 1,873 | n = 1,559 | n = 1,484 | n = 1,446 |
| Overweight, IOTF*‡ | 6.2 ± 0.4 | 8.1 ± 0.5 | 7.3 ± 0.5 | 8.5 ± 0.6 | 11.3 ± 0.8 | 10.9 ± 0.8 | 12.1 ± 0.9 | 15.4 ± 1.0 |
| All participants, total sample, aged 6–18, China§ | ||||||||
| Male | n = 1,393 | n = 1,360 | n = 1,311 | n = 1,257 | n = 818 | n = 648 | n = 622 | n = 552 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 7.4 ± 0.7 | 9.1 ± 0.8 | 9.9 ± 0.9 | 12.6 ± 1.2 | 13.8 ± 1.4 | 15.0 ± 1.5 | 19.8 ± 1.9 |
| Female | n = 1,319 | n = 1,220 | n = 1,184 | n = 1,102 | n = 727 | n = 574 | n = 493 | n = 502 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 7.6 ± 0.8 | 7.5 ± 0.9 | 12.3 ± 1.3 | 10.4 ± 1.3 | 12.1 ± 1.6 | 14.2 ± 1.7 |
| Total | n = 2,712 | n = 2,580 | n = 2,495 | n = 2,359 | n = 1,545 | n = 1,222 | n = 1,115 | n = 1,054 |
| Overweight, China*§ | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 6.9 ± 0.5 | 8.4 ± 0.6 | 8.8 ± 0.6 | 12.4 ± 0.9 | 12.2 ± 0.9 | 13.7 ± 1.0 | 17.1 ± 1.3 |
*
Age standardized to the 1990 Chinese population.
†
Table does not include the three megacities added in 2011.
‡
Overweight classified using the IOTF age- and sex-specific BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 equivalent 49.
§
Overweight classified using the Chinese age- and sex-specific cut points for Chinese children aged 6–18 years 50. Note: Chinese cut points are not produced for children < 6 years of age.