Table 3.
Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals from the Multinomial Logistic Regression Models Predicting Class Membership
| C1 vs. C2: Severe vs. Moderate | C1 vs. C3: Severe vs. Mild | C1 vs. C4: Severe vs. Negligible | C2 vs. C3: Moderate vs. Mild | C2 vs. C4: Moderate vs. Negligible | C3 vs. C4: Mild vs. Negligible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||||
| Female | 0.59 (0.29–1.21) | 0.83 (0.44–1.60) | 1.33 (0.69–.2.58) | 1.42 (0.86–2.36) | 2.26*** (1.45–3.52) | 1.59 (0.97–2.60) |
| Age | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.97** (0.95–0.99) | 0.99 (0.99–1.01) | 0.97** (0.95–0.99) | 0.97** (0.95–0.99) |
| Married | 1.35 (0.73–2.49) | 0.81 (0.46–1.40) | 0.88 (0.50–1.54) | 0.60* (0.38–0.94) | 0.65* (0.43–0.98) | 1.09 (0.68–1.73) |
| Blacka | 1.30 (0.59–2.86) | 1.89 (0.93–3.84) | 3.07** (1.31–7.19) | 1.45 (0.77–2.75) | 2.36* (1.21–4.62) | 1.63 (0.68–3.90) |
| Whitea | 0.86 (0.39–1.87) | 0.50* (0.25–0.99) | 0.40* (0.19–0.84) | 0.59 (0.31–1.09) | 0.46** (0.27–0.79) | 0.79 (0.39–1.61) |
| High School Education | 0.26** (0.11–0.65) | 0.15*** (0.06–0.36) | 0.13*** (0.05–0.33) | 0.57 (0.31–1.07) | 0.51* (0.29–0.91) | 0.89 (0.45–1.76) |
| Katrina Specific Experiences | ||||||
| Felt Helpless or Terrified | 1.26 (0.26–6.14) | 3.13 (0.90–11.01) | 17.50*** (4.79–64.00) | 2.48* (1.06–5.81) | 13.85*** (6.85–28.00) | 5.59*** (3.01–10.40) |
| Wind/Flooding | 1.43 (0.73–2.79) | 1.33 (0.70–2.51) | 1.03 (0.52–2.01) | 0.93 (0.57–1.51) | 0.72 (0.45–1.16) | 0.77 (0.44–1.37) |
| Physically Injured | 2.17 (0.80–5.85) | 7.46** (2.04–27.27) | 7.08** (2.09–23.95) | 3.44 (0.87–13.56) | 3.27* (1.09–9.83) | 0.95 (0.17–5.24) |
| Knew Someone Injured | 1.40 (0.65–3.02) | 2.52* (1.18–5.39) | 4.05** (1.76–9.34) | 1.80 (0.87–3.74) | 2.90** (1.45–5.80) | 1.61 (0.66–3.92) |
| Knew Someone Killed | 0.83 (0.39–1.77) | 1.51 (0.74–3.07) | 3.23** (1.36–7.67) | 1.81* (1.03–3.18) | 3.88*** (2.00–7.52) | 2.15 (0.99–4.68) |
| Family Member Injured | 1.66 (0.55–5.05) | 3.53* (1.07–11.62) | 7.60* (1.52–38.02) | 2.12 (0.68–6.66) | 4.58* (1.03–20.35) | 2.16 (0.34–13.67) |
| Family Member Killed | 1.62 (0.49–5.40) | 2.52 (0.73–8.65) | 5.57* (1.16–26.85) | 1.56 (0.53–4.53) | 3.44 (0.83–14.28) | 2.21 (0.45–10.94) |
| Saw Dead Bodies | 2.12 (0.90–5.01) | 4.07** (1.53–10.83) | 8.49** (2.15–33.62) | 1.92 (0.74–4.98) | 4.01* (1.10–14.63) | 2.09 (0.40–10.84) |
| Number Potential Katrina Traumas | 1.24 (.97–1.58) | 1.70*** (1.32–2.19) | 1.97*** (1.53–2.53) | 1.37*** (1.08–1.75) | 1.60*** (1.29–1.97) | 1.16 (.91–1.48) |
| Depression | ||||||
| PHQ Total | 1.24*** (1.15–1.33) | 1.59*** (1.31–1.78) | 2.13*** (1.81–2.50) | 1.29*** (1.19–1.41) | 1.72*** (1.48–1.99) | 1.38** (1.16–1.55) |
| Suicidal Ideation | 4.11* (1.23–13.77) | 24.22*** (5.93–98.97) | 142.91*** (9.23–2212.44) | 5.89** (1.81–19.21) | 34.76** (2.89–418.41) | 5.90 (0.37–93.94) |
| Pre-Katrina Trauma | ||||||
| Number Different Trauma Events | 1.17* (1.02–1.35) | 1.33*** (1.17–1.52) | 1.33*** (1.17–1.52) | 1.14 (1.00–1.29) | 1.13* (1.03–1.26) | 1.00 (0.88–1.13) |
| Any Traumas | 1.42 (0.32–6.41) | 1.93 (0.54–6.87) | 2.70 (0.74–9.81) | 1.36 (0.47–3.92) | 1.90 (0.84–4.29) | 1.40 (0.62–3.17) |
| Post-Katrina Support/Stress | ||||||
| Total Social Support Score | 0.95** (0.92–0.98) | 0.91*** (0.87–0.94) | 0.94** (0.90–0.97) | 0.96* (0.92–0.99) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) |
| Number of Stressors | 1.21** (1.06–1.39) | 1.60*** (1.39–1.85) | 2.69*** (2.15–3.35) | 1.33*** (1.17–1.51) | 2.22*** (1.83–2.69) | 1.67*** (1.37–2.05) |
| Religious Beliefs | ||||||
| Strength/Support from God | 0.75 (0.47–1.20) | 0.72 (0.46–1.11) | 0.96 (0.65–1.44) | 0.96 (0.59–1.54) | 1.29 (0.89–1.86) | 1.35 (0.87–2.10) |
| Punishment from God | 1.56* (1.04–2.34) | 1.68** (1.15–2.44) | 1.93** (1.31–2.85) | 1.08 (0.66–1.76) | 1.24 (0.87–1.76) | 1.15 (0.73–1.83) |
Note. Second class is the reference class (e.g., in the Severe vs. Moderate column, the Moderate Class is the reference class). 95% confidence intervals are in parentheses. Except for age, all predictors related to demographics and Katrina experiences were dichotomous in nature (e.g., married versus not married; white versus non-white; black versus non-black).
a
Other racial and ethnic demographics were not evaluated as predictors of class membership due to low base rates in the present sample (e.g., 97.1% of the sample identified as non-Hispanic White or non-Hispanic Black).