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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 7.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2013 Dec 13;86(1):95–118. doi: 10.1021/ac403688g

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Gradients and Concentration. (a) Gradient generation using a piezoelectric transducer to manipulate trapped bubbles within PDMS. Reprinted with permission from Ahmed, D.; Chan, C. Y.; Lin, S.-C. S.; Muddana, H. S.; Nama, N.; Benkovic, S. J.; Huang, T. J. Lab Chip 2013, 13, 328-31. Copyright 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry. (b, c) Analyte concentration through evaporation is implemented by trapping droplets (b,c) in a sequential manner followed by (d) gas infusion into the device. Reprinted with permission from Casadevall, i. S. X.; Turek, V.; Prodromakis, T.; Edel, J. B. Lab Chip 2012, 12, 4049-4054. Copyright 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.