Figure 5.

Suggested Migration Route for Early Austronesians Into and Out of Taiwan and the Worldwide Distribution of Haplogroup E1

(A) Geographic regions in China of foxtail millet domestication⁵¹ (shaded) delimited by Nanzhuangtou, Cishan, and Yuezhuang, and of rice domestication⁵² (shaded) in the Yangtze River Valley. Shown are (1) early Austronesians in the Fuzhou region, (2) entry into north Taiwan, and (3) rapid north-south dispersal along the west coast and crop cultivation at Nanguanli.⁵⁰ (4) One Austronesian language subgroup from Taiwan is ancestral to the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language subgroup in the Philippines.

(B) Frequency of haplogroup E1 across Taiwan, Island Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and Near Oceania.