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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 13.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2013 Jul 15;4(8C):30–37. doi: 10.4236/abb.2013.48A3004

Figure 1.

Figure 1

MDP and C5a increase expression of TNF-α, MCP-1 and MIP-2 mRNA in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RAW 264.7 macrophages were challenged with (A) MDP (1 µg/mL) or (B) C5a (10 ng/mL) for 0 – 90 min. Expression of TNF-α, MCP-1 and MIP-2 mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR. Values represent means ± SEM, n = 4. Values with different superscripts are significantly different from each other (p < 0.05).