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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 13.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2013 Jul 15;4(8C):30–37. doi: 10.4236/abb.2013.48A3004

Figure 5.

Figure 5

C5a-mediated signal transduction with and without concurrent or long-term exposure to MDP. RAW 264.7 macrophages were stimulated with MDP (1 µg/mL)for (A) 30 min or (B/C/D/E) 16 h and then challenged with C5a (10 ng/mL) for 3 or 30 min. Phosphorylation of AKT, p38, and ERK1/2 were measured by Western-blot analysis and normalized to HSC-70 as a loading control. (C/D/E) Values represent means ± SEM, n = 4 – 6. Values with different superscripts are significantly different from each other, p < 0.05.