Table 2.

Results of included studies addressing the use of ketamine only.

Study	Subjects	Intervention	Control	Blinded/randomized	Time to significant improvement	Response (%)	Remission (%)	Conclusion
Salvadore et al. [2012]	14	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	230 min	Not stated	Not stated	Rapid effect of ketamine on depressive symptoms, significant at 230 min to 1 day
Machado-Vieira et al. [2009]	23	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	40 min	Not stated	Not stated	Significant and rapid anti-depressant response to ketamine from 40 min to 240 min
Salvadore et al. [2009]	11	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	230 min	Not stated	Not stated	Significant effect on depressive and anxiety symptoms at 230 min
Salvadore et al. [2010]	15	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	230 min	Not stated	Not stated	Significant effect on depressive and anxiety symptoms at 230 min
Larkin and Beautrais [2011]	14	Ketamine IV 0.2 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	240 min	92.3	Not stated	Rapid remission of depression and suicidal ideation, significant 40 min to 10 days
Phelps et al. [2009]	26	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	120 min	43	26	Significant improvements in MADRS scores post-ketamine
aan het Rot et al. [2010]	9	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	Not stated	After 6 further infusions = 100	After 6 further infusions = 88.89	Responders generally maintain response if subsequent infusions
Murrough et al. [2013]	24	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	120 min	70.8	Not stated	Rapid effect of ketamine on depressive symptoms, response to first infusion predicts response to subsequent infusions
Rasmussen et al. [2013]	10	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	Not stated	80	50	50% met remission, 40% of remitters sustained improvement to 4 weeks. May be some advantage to serial infusions as opposed to single
Price et al. [2009]	26	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	24 hours- first time point	Not stated	Not stated	Rapid effects on suicidal cognition, sustained through repeated infusions
DiazGranados et al. [2010a]	33	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Nil	N/A	40 min	Not stated	Not stated	Rapid and sustained significant reduction in MADRS scores up to 230 min
Valentine et al. [2011]	10	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Placebo	Yes- Single/ Non-Counterbalanced	60 min	Not stated	Not stated	Rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine within 60 min to 7 days
Berman et al. [2000]	8	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Placebo	Yes- Double/Yes	240 min	50	26	Robust decreases in depressive symptoms through to 3 day follow up
Zarate et al. [2006]	17	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Placebo	Yes- Double/Yes	110 min	71	29	Robust, rapid response sustained to 1 week follow up
Zarate et al. [2012]	14	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Placebo	Yes- Double/Yes	40 min	79	At 24 hrs: 29	Rapid improvement in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation
DiazGranados et al. [2010b]	17	Ketamine IV 0.5 mg/kg	Placebo	Yes- Double/Yes	40 min	71	At 24 hrs:21	Robust and rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine across 4 scales

IV, intravenous administration.