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ECM-derived DAMPs modulate an inflammatory loop. Topographical changes within the ECM lead to the generation of ECM-derived DAMPs that drive TLR-4 signaling. Chronic activation of TLR-4 drives dysregulated innate immunity and inappropriate inflammation, characterized by excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In turn, the pro-inflammatory mediators can generate more ECM-derived DAMPs, as well as directly contribute to solid tumor progression.
