Table 2.
Phosphorylated and acetylated TP53 amino acid residues in different cell types exposed to extracellular single doses of H2O2.
| Cell type | [H2O2] (µM) | Exposure time | Domain | Phosphorylation | Kinases | Biological role | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GM00637 | 200 | N-terminal domain (transactivation) | Ser9, Ser15, Ser20 | Ser20 residue requires Plk3 activated by ATM | Induction of p21, suggesting functional activation of p53 | [334] | |
| A549 | 50, 100 |
30 min | C-terminal domain (regulatory) | Ser15, Ser20, Ser37 or Ser392 | ATM-dependent except for Ser37 and Ser392 | [368] | |
| HUVEC | 100 | 5 min to 1 h | N-terminal domain (transactivation) | specifically at Ser15 | ATM kinase (downstream PDGF receptor) | Increased transcription of p21CIP/WAF gene | [333] |
| NHF | 100 | 1 h | N-terminal domain (transactivation) | Thr81 | JNK | P53 stabilization and activation of transcriptional activities | [369] |
| Human keratinocytes | 50, 100 |
1 h or 16 h | N-terminal domain (transactivation) | Ser15? | AMPK? | Senescence in human keratinocytes by activating p21CIP1 | [370] |
| AF5 | 400 | 2 h, 6 h, 12 h | N-terminal domain (transactivation) | Ser15 | ? | Induction of P21, MDM2 and apoptotic proteins | [160] |
| Acetylation | Deacetylases | ||||||
| TIG-3 | 150 | 1 h | C-terminal domain (regulatory) | Lys373 and 382 |
Downregulation of SIRT1 | Cell senescence; induction of p21 | [344] |
| HUVEC | 0, 25, 50 100 |
6 days | C-terminal domain (regulatory) | Lys382 | Downregulation of SIRT1 | Unaltered levels of P53, P21, Bcl-2, and Bax; Up-regulation of p16INK4a: G1 arrest and aging | [371] |
| Human skin keratinocytes | 50, 125,250 | 0.5 and 2 h | C-terminal domain (Regulatory) | Lys382 | Downregulation of SIRT1 involving JNK activation | Induced cell death | [343] |