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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 14.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Psychiatry. 2012 Jun 26;18(7):806–812. doi: 10.1038/mp.2012.87

Table 3.

Survival Models of Abuse/Dependence

Nicotine Cannabis Cocaine Alcohol
HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI
Inattention trajectories
 Medium 1.61*** 1.30–2.01 0.85 0.57–1.27 1.18 0.47–2.94 0.90 0.65–1.25
 High 1.94*** 1.49–2.51 0.74 0.46–1.2 0.82 0.27–2.44 0.92 0.62–1.36
Hyperactivity trajectories
 High mother only 0.83 0.68–1.02 0.95 0.65–1.39 1.23 0.53–2.86 0.98 0.72–1.34
 High 0.81 0.62–1.06 1.07 0.66–1.73 1.60 0.57–4.47 0.97 0.65–1.46
Opposition trajectories
 High mother only 1.24* 1.01–1.52 1.96*** 1.32–2.9 1.86 0.74–4.66 1.35 0.99–1.86
 High 1.47** 1.14–1.88 2.21** 1.37–3.57 2.92* 1.05–8.14 1.39 0.94–2.06
Anxiety trajectories
 High mother only 0.94 0.77–1.15 0.86 0.6–1.24 0.90 0.39–2.05 0.82 0.60–1.11
 High 0.81 0.65–1.02 0.74 0.47–1.17 1.25 0.54–2.87 0.73 0.51–1.06
Adversity 1.36 0.98–1.89 0.72 0.38–1.36 5.1** 1.61–16.17 1.23 0.74–2.02
Sex 0.78** 0.65–0.93 2.01*** 1.44–2.8 0.74 0.37–1.50 2.15*** 1.63–2.83

Note. The table presents Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from Cox models. The time variable is the age at first symptom for each outcome as reported by the young adult at the time of diagnosis. Analyses were conducted on the 1798 participants with data for behavioral trajectories and diagnosis.

***

p<.001;

**

p<.01;

*

p<.05;

p<.10