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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 14.
Published in final edited form as: Transl Res. 2013 Aug 5;163(1):53–63. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.07.005

Fig 1.

Fig 1

Phenotypic characterization of CD4+, CCR7+, and CD45RA−, and interleukin (IL)-17+memory (mem); and CD4+, CCR7+, CD45RA+, and IL-17+ naive cells in patients with and without diabetes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with a whole-heat-killed capsular type 2 strain of pneumococci (D39) for 18 hours, followed by staining for cell surface markers. A total of 10,000 CD+T-cells were gated. Fluorescent minus one (FMO) was used for background staining intensities. (A) Diabetes was associated with significantly a relatively low abundance of pathogen-specific memory CD4+ and IL-17 positive cells. (B) No significant differences were observed between percentage of naive cells of those with diabetes mellitus (DM) and without diabetes mellitus (NDM). (C) A significantly greater ratio of Tmem/Tnaive was observed in NDM patients compared with DM patients. Each dot represents an individual.