Table 2.
Experimental pain assessment and psychological characteristics for the sample
| Sample characteristics | Improved Group (pain) N=59 Mean (SD) |
Not improved Group (pain) N=14 Mean (SD) |
P- Value |
Improved Group (disability) N=55 Mean (SD) |
Not improved Group (disability) N=23 Mean (SD) |
P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5th pulse 50°C baseline | 38.54 (25.29) | 24.93 (16.78) | 0.06 | 40.68 (24.72) | 27.22 (19.29) | 0.02 |
| 5th pulse 50°C at 3 months | 31.11 (26.42) | 33.75 (23.58) | 0.75 | 32.93 (27.12) | 32.65 (24.59) | 0.97 |
| 5th pulse 50°C at 6 months | 25.53 (21.65) | 25.23 (21.64) | 0.96 | 27.46 (23.86) | 26.20 (20.96) | 0.84 |
| Pre CPM baseline | 32.17 (25.70) | 23.57 (22.66) | 0.26 | 34.03 (26.01) | 22.02 (19.11) | 0.05 |
| Pre CPM at 3 months | 24.97 (17.91) | 20.37 (14.31) | 0.41 | 26.94 (18.79) | 20.04 (14.53) | 0.14 |
| Pre CPM at 6 months | 20.74 (15.28) | 25.68 (18.46) | 0.32 | 22.60 (16.45) | 22.15 (16.22) | 0.92 |
| Post CPM baseline | 24.65 (24.84) | 15.29 (18.17) | 0.21 | 26.06 (25.16) | 16.02 (17.39) | 0.09 |
| Post CPM at 3 months | 18.65 (17.06) | 16.78 (19.15) | 0.74 | 19.87 (18.26) | 17.26 (17.43) | 0.59 |
| Post CPM at 6 months | 14.56 (13.31) | 15.86 (11.35) | 0.75 | 16.63 (14.64) | 12.14 (9.39) | 0.21 |
| Absolute difference CPM baseline | 7.50 (12.76) | 8.40 (8.68) | 0.81 | 7.99 (12.00) | 6.00 (11.51) | 0.51 |
| Absolute difference CPM 3 months | 6.53 (9.25) | 3.58 (10.59) | 0.33 | 7.25 (9.44) | 2.78 (8.85) | 0.08 |
| Absolute difference CPM 6 months | 5.97 (7.82) | 9.81 (10.79) | 0.15 | 5.79 (8.28) | 10.01 (11.43) | 0.09 |
| Percent change CPM baseline | 22.72% | 24.89% | 0.88 | 26.02% | 14.06% | 0.29 |
| Percent change CPM at 3 months | 31.15% | 32.03% | 0.94 | 32.54% | 25.93% | 0.51 |
| Percent change CPM at 6 months | 31.24% | 29.37% | 0.85 | 27.67% | 37.59% | 0.25 |
| Pain threshold baseline | 43.86 (2.28) | 44.78 (2.00) | 0.17 | 43.90 (2.14) | 44.59 (2.28) | 0.22 |
| Pain threshold 3 months | 44.30 (2.39) | 45.11 (2.58) | 0.29 | 44.43 (2.37) | 44.51 (2.39) | 0.89 |
| Pain threshold 6 months | 44.58 (2.32) | 45.23 (1.87) | 0.35 | 44.84 (2.21) | 44.53 (2.29) | 0.60 |
| PCS baseline | 9.86 (6.97) | 8.07 (6.72) | 0.39 | 9.98 (7.00) | 8.14 (6.28) | 0.29 |
| PCS 3 months | 8.42 (7.99) | 9.21 (9.39) | 0.75 | 7.63 (7.65) | 10.13 (8.86) | 0.21 |
| PCS 6 months | 5.74 (5.42) | 10.00 (7.85) | 0.02 | 6.25 (6.24) | 7.39 (5.97) | 0.46 |
| PHQ-9 baseline | 2.81 (3.98) | 4.50 (2.62) | 0.14 | 3.02 (3.91) | 3.22 (3.19) | 0.83 |
| PHQ-9 3 months | 2.65 (3.31) | 4.50 (3.50) | 0.07 | 2.42 (2.91) | 3.96 (4.04) | 0.06 |
| PHQ-9 6 months | 2.52 (3.51) | 5.29 (3.69) | 0.01 | 2.43 (3.22) | 4.04 (4.26) | 0.07 |
Abbreviation: CPM, Conditioned Pain Modulation; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire