Table 1. List of Environmental and Population Studies on Health Effect of Pesticides in Iran .

Study	Model	Sample	Pesticide	Result
Sodergren et al. 1978	Residue assessment	Fish (rivers), Sediments (drainage sys)	DDT, PCBs	High level of DDT, Low level of DDT and PCBs
Esfahani et al. 2012	Residue assessment	Sediments and water from wetlands	Chlordane, lindane, endosulfan	Most frequently: chlordane, lindane, and endosulfan
Fadaei et al. 2012	Residue assessment	Surface water	Malathion, diazinon	> Allowed limits
Rezaee et al. 2012	Residue assessment	Tap and bottled mineral water	Aldicarb, parathion, thiobencarb	< WHO limits
Shayeghi et al. 2007	Residue assessment	Drinking water	Malathion, diazinon	> Allowed limit
Bayat et al. 2011	Residue assessment	Commercial pasteurized milk	DDT derivatives, PCBs	ADI of PCBs > FAO/WHO limit
Kalantzi et al. 2001	Residue assessment	Butter	DDT, DDT isomers, HCB, HCH	DDT, HCB, and HCH > global average
Jafari et al. 2008	Residue assessment	Butter	POPs	PCBs, p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE > global average 2001
Dahmardeh et al. 2012	Residue assessment	Hair samples of pregnant women	DDT, HCB, HCH, and seven PCBs	Significant different on locations and fish consumption
Hashemy-Tonkabony and Fateminassab 1977	Residue assessment	Milk of nursing mothers	DDT, BHC, dieldrin	Dieldrin > WHO limit
Cok et al. 1999	Residue assessment	Human milk	BHC, HCB, DDT, heptachlor epoxide	BHC, HCB, heptachlor epoxide > FAO/WHO established ADI
Behrooz et al. 2009	Residue assessment	Human milk	OCs, PCBs	OC pesticides and PCB > infant daily intake established by Health Canada
Hashemy-Tonkabony and Soleimani-Amiri 1978	Residue assessment	Human adipose tissue	OCs	Moderate exposure to HCB, DDT and light exposure to dieldrin
Burgaz et al. 1995	Residue assessment	Human adipose tissue	OCs	HCB as the highest contaminant
Ghazi-Khansari and Oreizi 1995	Prospective	Poisoning patients	General	Most death due to pesticides (58 %)
Abdollahi et al. 1997	Retrospective	Poisoning patients	General	Most death due to pesticides (19.2 %)
Moghadamnia and Abdollahi 2002	Epidemiologic	Poisoning patients	General	Most death due to pesticides
Islambulchilar et al. 2009	Descriptive, Retrospective	Poisoning patients	General	Most death due to pesticides
Ahmadi et al. 2010	Descriptive, Retrospective	Poisoning patients	General	Most death due to pesticides
Soltaninejad et al. 2007	Retrospective	Un-survived poisoning	General	Most death due to pesticides; ALP > OP
Shadnia et al. 2007	Descriptive, Retrospective	Poisoning patients	General	OPs the main pesticides in poisoning
Ghazinour et al. 2009	Retrospective, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	General	Pesticides among the most common causes for parasuicide
Ranjbar et al. 2005	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	OPs	↓AchE activity, ↑Oxidative stress
Soltaninejad et al. 2007	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	OPs	Blood ß-glucuronidase as a biomarker at acute poisoning
Shadnia et al. 2009	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	OPs	Prolonged QTC interval ~ prognosis of poisoning
Jalali et al. 2010	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	OPs	Distal sensory deficit on EMG
Noshad et al. 2007	Clinical, Retrospective	Poisoning patients	OPs	Respiratory failure ~ mortality
Sabzghabaee et al.	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	Paraquat	PQ dose, vomiting and age as important variables in the mortality
Soltaninejad et al. 2011	Clinical, Descriptive, Case report	Poisoning patient	ALP	Met-Hb and Hemolysis as complications
Shadnia et al. 2010	Clinical, Descriptive, Case report	Poisoning patients	ALP	Met-Hb and Hemolysis as complications
Mostafazadeh et al. 2011	Clinical, Descriptive, Prospective	Poisoning patients	ALP	Met-Hb ~ rate of mortality
Sanaei-Zadeh 2012	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	ALP	Blood Met-Hb ~ patient outcome
Mehrpour et al. 2008	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	ALP	Hyperglycemia ~ mortality
Shadnia et al. 2009	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	ALP	Blood pH ~ patients outcome
Soltaninejad et al. 2012	Clinical, Descriptive	Poisoning patients	ALP	Dysrhythmia, elevated ST, prolonged QT, ↑cardiac troponin-T
Shadnia et al. 2008	Clinical, Descriptive, Case report	Poisoning patients	ALP	Rapid inhalational absorption, hyperglycemia, surviving
Shadnia et al. 2011	Clinical, Descriptive, Prospective	Poisoning patients	ALP	Simplified Acute Physiology Score II to predict outcome
Saleki et al. 2007	Clinical, Descriptive	Un-survived poisoning patients	ALP	Cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatocytes and sinusoidal congestion
Shadnia et al. 2005	Clinical, Interventional, Case report	Poisoning patients	ALP	Benefit of coconut oil in the treatment
Abdollahi et al. 1995	Clinical Interventional	Poisoning patients	OPs	Use of atropine alone in the treatment of poisoning
Balali-Mood and Shariat 1998	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	OPs	Benefit of PAM + atropine
Pajoumand et al. 2004	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	OPs	Benefit of magnesium sulfate
Balali-Mood et al. 2005	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	OPs	Benefit of sodium bicarbonate
Shadnia et al. 2011	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	OPs	Benefit of NAC
Afzali and Gholyaf 2008	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	Paraquat	Benefit of cyclophosphamide, methylprednisolone
Tehrani et al. 2012	Clinical, Interventional	Poisoning patients	ALP	Benefit of NAC
Abdollahi et al. 1995	Chronic Biomarkers	Manufacturing workers	OPs	Correlation between plasma AchE and symptoms of poisoning
Abdollahi et al. 1996	Cross-sectional	Manufacturing workers	OPs	Correlation between AChE activity in plasma and saliva
Joshaghani et al. 2007	Chronic Biomarker	Manufacturing workers	Pesticides	↓ ChE activity in serum and RBC
Shadnia et al. 2005	Chronic Biomarker	Manufacturing workers	OPs	↑ Oxidative stress, DNA damage
Ranjbar et al. 2002	Chronic Biomarker	Manufacturing workers	OPs	↓ AchE activity, ↑oxidative stress
Shayeghi et al. 2009	Chronic Biomarker	Spray workers	OPs, Carbamates	↓ AChE
Bayrami et al. 2012	Chronic Biomarker Cross-sectional	Horticulture farmers	OPs	↑ Oxidative stress
Vandekar et al. 1968	Chronic Biomarker	Spray workers	O-isopropoxy phenyl methyl carbamate	↓AChE
Ranjbar et al. 2002	Chronic Biomarker	Manufacturing workers	Paraquat	↑Oxidative stress
Zakerinia et al. 2012	Chronic Disease Retrospective, case control	Exposed people	Pesticides	↑ Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple meyeloma
Malekirad et al. 2013	Chronic Diseases, Cross-sectional	Farmers	OPs	↑ Risk of diabetes and neuropsychological disorders