Table 1.

Descriptive statistics for women 65 to 74 years old enrolled in Medicare in 2001–2006, from 203 selected US counties

	All women	Black	White	Pa
N	406,602	70,941	335,661
Percentage	100.0	17.4	82.6
Women’s characteristics (%)
Age 70–74	48.2	44.4	49.0	<0.0001
Any comorbidity	66.3	73.3	64.9	<0.0001
Breast cancer during follow-up	6.1	5.4	6.3	<0.0001
Preventive services received in 2001 (%)
Cervical cancer screening	39.3	28.7	41.5	<0.0001
Flu shot	59.9	42.4	63.6	<0.0001
Lipids Test	60.8	56.7	61.6	<0.0001
High ER utilizationb (%)	25.2	36.9	22.7	<0.0001
County characteristics (%)
Olderc	25.4	17.5	27.1	<0.0001
Low educationd	24.9	33.8	23.1	<0.0001
Poore	24.8	40.8	21.5	<0.0001
High managed care penetrationf	24.9	19.0	26.2	<0.0001
With high medical school presenceg	23.0	26.7	22.3	<0.0001
With abundant primary care resourcesh	24.1	17.7	25.5	<0.0001

^aP value for bivariate association of race with listed variables

^bHigh ER utilization = Person with >4.1% of claims from ER

^cOlder = county with > 16.2% of the county residents being women age 65 years old and older

^dLow education = county with > 8.1% of the population having ≤9 years of school

^ePoor = county with > 13.6% of county population living below the poverty level

^fHigh managed care penetration = county with > 24.4% managed care penetration

^gCounty with high medical school presence = county where >57.1% of hospitals being associated with medical schools

^hCounty with abundant primary care resources = county with >220.7 primary care physicians per 100,000 persons 65 and older.