Table 3.
Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine and placebo for contrast-induced AKI prophylaxis.
| References | Number of patients | Number of trials | RR | 95% CI | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Year | Low | High | ||||
| Birck et al. [51] | 2003 | 805 | 7 | 0.435 | 0.215 | 0.879 | 0.02 |
| Isenbarger et al. [52] | 2003 | 805 | 7 | 0.37 | 0.16 | 0.84 | ND |
| Alonso et al. [53] | 2004 | 885 | 8 | 0.41 | 0.22 | 0.79 | 0.007 |
| Bagshaw and Ghali [54] | 2004 | 1,261 | 14 | 0.54 | 0.32 | 0.91 | 0.02 |
| Pannu et al. [55] | 2004 | 1,776 | 15 | 0.65 | 0.43 | 1.0 | 0.049 |
| Duong et al. [56] | 2005 | 1,584 | 14 | 0.57 | 0.37 | 0.84 | 0.01 |
| Liu et al. [57] | 2005 | 1,028 | 9 | 0.43 | 0.24 | 0.75 | ND |
| Kelly et al. [58] | 2008 | 6,379 | 41 | 0.62 | 0.44 | 0.88 | ND |
| Kwok et al. [59] | 2013 | 15,976 | 7 | 0.65 | 0.48 | 0.88 | ND |
| Kshirsagar et al. [60] | 2004 | 1,538 | 16 | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Mirsa et al. [61] | 2004 | ND | 27 | ND | ND | ND | NS |
| Nallamothu et al. [62] | 2004 | 2,195 | 21 | 0.73 | 0.52 | 1.0 | 0.08 |
| Zagler et al. [63] | 2006 | 1,892 | 13 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 1.02 | 0.06 |
| Gonzales et al. [64] | 2007 | 2,476 | 22 | 0.87 | 0.68 | 1.12 | 0.28 |
| ACT Investigators [3] | 2011 | 1,000 | 5 | 1.05 | 0.73 | 1.53 | ND |
| Sun et al. [65] | 2013 | 1,916 | 10 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 1.02 | 0.06 |
95% CI: 95% confidence interval; ND: no available data; NS: nonsignificant; RR: relative risk.