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. 2014 Mar 11;141(4):577–586. doi: 10.1111/imm.12219

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A comparison of the effects of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-21, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on IL-10 production by B cells, T cells and macrophages. Purified B cells (a) were stimulated with LPS (10 μg/ml), purified T cells (b) were stimulated with Concanavalin A (1·5 μg/ml) and peritoneal macrophages (c) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 μg/ml), in the absence or presence of IL-12, IL-21, IFN-γ or TGF-β, and the concentrations of IL-10 in the supernatants were determined after a 72-hr incubation period by ELISA. In addition, the concentrations of IL-6 in the supernatants from stimulated B cells were determined (d). Each bar represents the mean ± SD from four independent determinations. Values with asterisks are significantly (*P < 0·05, **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001) different from the control (the cells stimulated in the absence of added cytokines).