Table 1.
Toxicity, resistance levels, and synergy in Culex quinquefasciatus tested with Mtx-1 combined with various Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis at a 1:1 ratio.
| Toxin(s) | Colony | LC50 (FL) (μg/ml) | LC95 (FL) (μg/ml) | Resistance ratio
|
Synergy factor
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LC50 | LC95 | LC50 | LC95 | ||||
| Mtx-1 | CqSyn | 0.245 (0.207–0.288) | 2.40 (1.81–3.41) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Cq11A | 1.02 (0.621–1.67) | 6.72 (2.30–21.1) | 4.2 | 2.8 | |||
| CqAB | 4.64 (4.11–5.23) | 18.5 (15.4–23.8) | 18.9 | 7.7 | |||
| CqAB11A | 2.39 (2.10–2.70) | 8.86 (7.22–11.6) | 9.8 | 3.7 | |||
| CqAB11AcytA | 2.40 (2.09–2.76) | 12.30 (9.59–17.0) | 9.9 | 5.1 | |||
| Cry11Aa | CqSyn | 1.30 (0.792–2.12) | 14.2 (5.73–35.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Cq11A | Average mortality 47% at 200 μg/ml | 154 | na | ||||
| Cry4Aa | CqSyn | 5.04 (1.89–13.4) | 983 (52.5–19219) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| CqAB | Average mortality 14% at 200 μg/ml | >40 | na | ||||
| Cry4Ba | CqSyn | Average 6% mortality at 200 μg/ml | |||||
| CqAB | Average 1% mortality at 200 μg/ml | ||||||
| Cry4A, Cry4B | CqSyn | 1.49 (0.961–2.30) | 15.2 (6.78–34.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| CqAB | 315 (188–722) | 35481 (8245–442709) | 211 | 2334 | |||
| Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry11A | CqSyn | 0.00820 (0.00586–0.0115) | 0.0549 (0.0297–0.105) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Cq4AB11A | 0.590 (0.409–0.849) | 11.7 (5.78–24.5) | 80.0 | 213 | |||
| Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry11A, Cyt1A | CqSyn | 0.020 (0.0174–0.0229) | 0.108 (0.0840–0.148) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| CqAB11Acyt | 0.0753 (0.0648–0.0877) | 0.582 (0.437–0.837) | 3.8 | 5.4 | |||
| Mtx-1, Cry11A | CqSyn | 0.664 (0.584–0.758) | 3.13 (2.45–4.29) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.62 | 1.3 |
| Cq11A | 3.03 (2.65–3.44) | 13.8 (11.2–18.1) | 4.6 | 4.4 | 0.67 | 0.97 | |
| Mtx-1, Cry4A | CqSyn | 1.06 (0.608–1.84) | 8.37 (2.95–24.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.44 | 0.57 |
| CqAB | 2.37 (2.03–2.76) | 16.6 (12.5–23.8) | 2.2 | 2.0 | 3.9 | 2.2 | |
| Mtx-1, Cry4B | CqSyn | 18.2 (12.2–27.2) | 215 (91.4–532) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| CqAB | 29.0 (17.8–47.4) | 147 (56.6–389) | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.32 | 0.25 | |
| Mtx-1, Cry4A, Cry4B | CqSyn | 0.181 (0.161–0.204) | 0.642 (0.528–0.826) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 6.5 |
| CqAB | 0.769 (0.658–0.901) | 6.66 (4.91–9.85) | 4.2 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 5.6 | |
| Mtx-1, Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry11A | CqSyn | 0.0192 (0.0167–0.0219) | 0.0956 (0.0767–0.126) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.83 | 9.4 |
| CqAB11A | 0.244 (0.102–0.583) | 1.42 (0.174–11.6) | 12.7 | 14.8 | 3.9 | 7.1 | |
| Mtx-1, Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry11A, Cyt1A | CqSyn | 0.0228 (0.0171–0.0304) | 0.0878 (0.0519–0.155) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 |
| CqAB11Acyt | 0.0643 (0.0554–0.0742) | 0.433 (0.340–0.586) | 2.8 | 4.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | |