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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Addict. 2013 Sep 17;23(6):519–525. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2013.12107.x

Table 2.

Potential interactions between ARVs and substances of abuse

Substance Effect of Combination with ARVs
Cannabis Combination with efavirenz may heighten the euphoria of cannabis
by CYP3A4 inhibition
Cocaine No known effect in combination with ARVs
Heroin No known effect in combination with ARVs
Oxycodone Enhanced effect in combination with ritonavir by CYP2D6 inhibition
Methadone Opiate withdrawal in combination with efavirenz or nevirapine by
CYP3A4 induction
MDMA Enhanced effect of MDMA in combination with ritonavir by CYP2D6
inhibition
Ketamine Enhanced psychogenic effect of ketamine in combination with
efavirenz and ritonavir by CYP2B6 inhibition
PCP Enhanced psychogenic effect of PCP in combination with efavirenz
or ritonavir by CYP3A4 inhibition