Table 1:

Preoperative variables

Variables	n = 30
Male	20 (67%)
Age (years)	61 ± 8
AF duration (months)	33 ± 27
Persistent AF	4 (13%)
Long-standing persistent AF	26 (87%)
Left atrium size (mm) (Plax)	48 ± 5
Left ventricular ejection fraction	62 ± 8%
Body mass index (kg/m2)	30.2 ± 4.8
Hypertension	20 (67%)
COPD	6 (20%)
Previous failed electrical cardioversion	24 (80%)