FIG 1.

Wortmannin is toxic to E. histolytica. Trophozoites (2 × 10⁴ cells) were exposed to a range of concentrations of wortmannin or its diluent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or an equivalent volume of media (control) and grown for 3 days. Cell viability was assessed and expressed as a percentage of untreated control cells. The data represent the means ± SD from 3 trials (***, P < 0.001). Treatment with 2 mM or higher concentrations of wortmannin resulted in the death of nearly 100% of the cells.