Table 2.
Median values (%) of the markers expressed by T cell subsets in percentage in normal blood and non-infected and infected bone
| T cell phenotype | Blood | Standard deviation for blood | P-value between blood and non-infected bone | Non-infected bone | Standard deviation for non-infected bone | P-value between non-infected and infected bone | Infected bone | Standard deviation for infected bone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total CD4 T cells | 53 (40–71) | 10·93 | 0·066 | 45 (23–67) | 12·51 | 0·988 | 46 (27–74) | 16·51 |
| CD4 T naive cells | 53 (35–74) | 13·11 | 0·001 | 33 (8–70) | 17·42 | 0·164 | 18 (2–63) | 20·54 |
| HLA-DR CD4 T cells | 3 (2–11) | 3 | 0·002 | 7 (3–24) | 5·86 | 0·009 | 16 (5–46) | 13·22 |
| Total CD8 T cells | 33 (21–41) | 7·19 | 0·372 | 35 (18–61) | 10·78 | 0·395 | 38 (21–65) | 16·06 |
| CD8 T naive cells | 74 (62–86) | 7·35 | <0·001 | 43 (30–79) | 14·56 | 0·790 | 47 (13–66) | 15·14 |
| HLA-DR CD8 T cells | 8 (3–25) | 6·8 | 0·03 | 15 (3–54) | 13·79 | 0·038 | 23 (9–60) | 17·66 |
| Treg cells | 4 (1–9) | 2·63 | 0·364 | 4 (0–8) | 1·76 | 0·880 | 4 (1–8) | 2·3 |
| PCD/proliferation | ||||||||
| Annexin-V CD4+ T cells | 0 (0–1) | 0 | 0·191 | 0 (0–1) | 0·11 | 0·076 | 0·2 (0–1) | 0·35 |
| Annexin-V CD8+ T cells | 0 (0–1) | 0·67 | 0·827 | 0 (0–1) | 0·88 | 0·071 | 0·2 (0–1) | 0·21 |
| Ki67+ CD4+ T cells | 6 (0·1–10) | 2·49 | <0·001 | 47 (25–67) | 12·43 | 0·187 | 34 (4–65) | 22·26 |
| Ki67+ CD8+ T cells | 4 (0–8) | 2·53 | <0·001 | 34 (20–53) | 8·45 | 0·045 | 26 (5–46) | 14·93 |
| Co-stimulatory molecules | ||||||||
| CD28+ CD4+ T cells | 96 (73–99) | 8·6 | 0·150 | 92 (61–99) | 9·81 | 0·005 | 70 (18–96) | 26·23 |
| CD28+ CD8+ T cells | 70 (59–81) | 7·08 | 0·305 | 67 (38–85) | 14·93 | 0·241 | 59 (27–78) | 12·63 |
| CD152+ CD4+ T cells | 0·5 (0·1–7) | 2 | <0·001 | 16 (4–32) | 8·03 | 0·642 | 15 (2–99) | 37·69 |
| CD152+ CD8+ T cells | 0·3 (0·1-0·8) | 0·28 | <0·001 | 15 (4–23) | 6·25 | 0·546 | 18 (2–98) | 35·87 |
| CD80+ CD4+ T cells | 0·2 (0–1) | 0·26 | 0·006 | 0·6 (0–6) | 1·58 | 0·824 | 0·8 (0·2–12) | 3·81 |
| CD80+ CD8+ T cells | 0·3 (0–1·3) | 0·45 | 0·660 | 0·4 (0–2·3) | 0·76 | 0·002 | 2 (0·3–14) | 4·33 |
| CD86+ CD4+ T cells | 0·5 (0·3–1·5) | 0·37 | <0·001 | 13 (2–28) | 6·94 | 0·444 | 21 (1–99) | 38·39 |
| CD86+ CD8+ T cells | 0·3 (0·1–4) | 1·24 | <0·001 | 15 (2–32) | 7·95 | 0·421 | 19 (0·3–99) | 38·18 |
| CD40+ CD4+ T cells | 0·10 (0–3·6) | 1·33 | 0·57 | 0·2 (0–5·1) | 4·11 | 0·09 | 1·5 (0–8·7) | 12·25 |
| CD40+ CD8+ T cells | 0·80 (0–16·2) | 10·71 | 0·12 | 0·2 (0–3·2) | 6·31 | 0·009 | 2 (0·1–11·6) | 4·11 |
| CD40L+CD4+ T cells | 0·15 (0–4·5) | 1·54 | 0·90 | 0·1 (0–3·2) | 7·93 | 0·10 | 2 (0–7·5) | 2·39 |
| CD40L+ CD8+ T cells | 1·05 (0–26) | 9·3 | 0·11 | 0·1 (0·03) | 5·95 | 0·03 | 1·5 (0–8·5) | 2·52 |
The median values (range) in percentage of the various markers expressed by the CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets in blood, non-infected bone and infected bone obtained through cytometric analysis are indicated, along with their standard deviation. Statistical comparison between two groups used the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test. P value < 0·05 was considered to be significant. HLA-DR: human leucocyte antigen D-related; PCD: programmed cell death; Treg: regulatory T cells.