Figure 5. Rate changes in the LIF/serum scenario.

(A) The number of state transitions depends on the background noise σ_N. In the bistable region, for any value of the autoregulatory transcription rate s₄ (e.g. orange line: s₄ = 30; grey line: s₄ = 40; blue line: s₄ = 50), an increase in the noise intensity σ_N up to a certain range leads to an increase in the number of state transitions. If the intensity of the background noise becomes too high, it interferes with the underlying TF dynamics and the number of valid transitions decreases. Thick middle lines show the mean number of state transitions in 24 h for the respective value of s₄, upper and lower bands depict the standard deviations. (B) Simulation results demonstrate that the fraction of terminally differentiated cells depends on Y_in, which is determined by the culture conditions (i.e. intensity of signal Y) and by the Nanog concentration. Cell fractions are determined after simulating 3 days of in silico culture with the parameter set for the LIF/serum scenario.