Fig 2.

A PATH model: simultaneous mediation and moderation of the positive affect–self-affirmation intervention. Controls for age, BMI, disease severity, gender, race, and trial clustering. Asterisks indicate strength of association: *P < .01, **P < .05. Plus signs indicate direct relationship: + Increased depression leads to increased stress; decreased depression leads to decreased stress. + Increased positive affect leads to increased self-efficacy; decreased positive affect leads to decreased self-efficacy. + Increased self-efficacy leads to increased behavior change; decreased self-efficacy leads to decreased behavior change. Minus signs indicate inverse relationship: − Increased social support leads to decreased stress; decreased social support leads to increased stress. − Increased positive affect leads to decreased stress; decreased positive affect leads to increased stress. − Increased stress leads to decreased self-efficacy; decreased stress leads to increased self-efficacy. Numbers indicate the following: 1 Increased interval medical events leads to decreased self-efficacy. 2 Increased positive affect intervention leads to increased behavior change. 2 Increased positive affect intervention leads to increased self-efficacy. 3 Increased positive affect intervention leads to decreased stress