Figure 3.

Brain regions associated with handwriting quality. (A) Clusters that show negative association with brain activation during a phonological processing fMRI task are shown. Pink circles indicate a cluster that is significant at p = 0.05 corrected (right inferior frontal gyrus pars triangularis, IFGtri), and cyan circles indicate a cluster that shows a trend p = 0.054 corrected (right Exner's area). Clusters indicate voxels significant at a lenient threshold of p = 0.05 uncorrected to show greater extent of activation. XYZ coordinates are in Talairach coordinates. Panel on the right shows a scatter plot representation of the cluster that shows significant negative association at p = 0.05 corrected (pink cluster). Brain activation is defined as contrast estimates, which are based on combined beta estimates of the phonological condition vs. rest. (B) Clusters that show positive association with regional gray matter volume are shown. Pink circles indicate clusters that are significant at p = 0.05 corrected in the right IFGtri. Clusters indicate all voxels significant at p = 0.001 uncorrected, cluster extent = 10 as reference to show the extent of these clusters at a more lenient threshold. A small cluster in the left IFGtri is observed at this threshold. XYZ coordinates are in Talairach coordinates. (C) Voxels that show overlap in fMRI activation from (A) and VBM gray matter volume from (B) in the right inferior frontal region. Note: Left Hemisphere is shown on left side.