Table 1. U.S. dialysis facility and neighborhood characteristics, by neighborhood poverty, Dialysis Facility Report 2007-2011 and American Community Survey 2006-2011.
| Characteristics [Mean (SD)] |
Neighborhoods with Dialysis Facilities | All U.S. Neighborhoods* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Poverty Areas (≥20% poverty) n=1778 facilities |
Not Poverty Areas (<20% poverty) n=3406 facilities |
All Neighborhoods n=5184 facilities |
||
| Characteristics of facilities by neighborhood poverty | ||||
|
| ||||
| Mean age | 61.6 (7.7) | 64.2 (7.3) | 63.3 (7.5) | |
| % black | 38.0 (32.1) | 22.9 (25.7) | 28.1 (29.0) | |
| % female | 44.3 (15.9) | 43.1 (15.8) | 43.5 (15.8) | |
| % no insurance | 9.4 (12.2) | 6.3 (8.9) | 7.3 (10.3) | |
| No. of comorbid conditions | 3.1 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | |
| % no pre-ESRD care | 30.8 (21.6) | 29.6 (20.8) | 29.9 (21.1) | |
|
| ||||
| Characteristics of neighborhoods by neighborhood poverty | ||||
|
| ||||
| % poverty | 31.0 (10.2) | 10.1 (5.1) | 17.3 (12.3) | 14.8 (12.3) |
| % black | 30.6 (29.5) | 11.9 (18.6) | 18.3 (24.6) | 13.6 (22.6) |
| Gini index | 0.46 (0.07) | 0.41 (0.06) | 0.42 (0.07) | 0.41 (0.07) |
| % unemployed | 10.1 (6.3) | 5.8 (3.5) | 7.3 (5.0) | 7.0 (5.2) |
| % high school graduates | 74.8 (11.8) | 87.4 (8.1) | 83.1 (11.2) | 84.3 (12.1) |
| % owned housing | 44.6 (19.9) | 65.9 (18.2) | 58.6 (21.3) | 66.0 (22.9) |
| % public assistance | 21.7 (10.8) | 8.0 (5.7) | 12.7 (10.2) | 10.9 (10.4) |
ESRD, end-stage renal disease; % black, percentage of patients (facility) and population (neighborhood) reporting black race; % female, percentage of patients at facility who are female; % no insurance, percentage of patients reporting no insurance before the start of ESRD treatment; % no pre-ESRD care, percentage of patients having no nephrology visits prior to the start of ESRD treatment; % poverty, percentage of households reporting income <100% federal poverty threshold; Gini index, Gini index of income inequality; % unemployed, percentage of population 15+ reporting being in labor market but unemployed; % high school graduates, percentage of population 25+ reporting being high school graduates or equivalent; % owned housing, percentage of housing that is owned; % public assistance, percentage of households reporting receipt of any public assistance.
From American Community Survey 2006-2011 only.