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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 19.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jun 17;148(12):904–914. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00003

Table 5.

Decaffeinated coffee consumption and RRs of death from all causes and specific causes in men and women.

Decaffeinated coffee consumption, cups

<1/mo 1/mo-4/wk 5-7/wk 2-3/d ≥4/d P value for trend
Men
Death from all causes
 Person-yr 294,554 213,006 131,207 50,843 11,355
 No. of deaths 2783 2059 1479 481 86
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.85 (0.81-0.90) 0.85 (0.80-0.90) 0.92 (0.84-1.01) 1.00 (0.81-1.24) 0.20
 Multivariable 1.0 0.96 (0.90-1.03) 0.93 (0.86-1.01) 0.91 (0.82-1.01) 0.81 (0.64-1.03) 0.02
Death from CVD
 No. of deaths 777 668 439 146 19
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.98 (0.89-1.09) 0.88 (0.78-0.99) 0.99 (0.84-1.19) 0.81 (0.51-1.28) 0.23
 Multivariable 1.0 1.10 (0.97-1.24) 0.97 (0.85-1.12) 0.95 (0.78-1.17) 0.83 (0.52-1.31) 0.16
Death from Cancer
 No. of deaths 979 746 540 180 46
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.89 (0.81-0.98) 0.90 (0.81-1.00) 0.97 (0.83-1.14) 1.49 (1.11-2.00) 0.20
 Multivariable 1.0 0.96 (0.86-1.07) 0.95 (0.84-1.07) 0.95 (0.80-1.13) 1.20 (0.87-1.66) 0.81
Women *
Death from all causes
 Person-yr 760,095 387,614 314,893 99,778 16,169
 No. of deaths 5023 2252 1921 486 59
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.73 (0.69-0.76) 0.72 (0.68-0.75) 0.74 (0.67-0.81) 0.76 (0.59-0.99) <0.001
 Multivariable 1.0 0.92 (0.87-0.97) 0.89 (0.84-0.94) 0.85 (0.77-0.94) 0.78 (0.61-1.00) <0.001
Death from CVD
 No. of deaths 1096 441 401 114 10
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.66 (0.59-0.73) 0.68 (0.61-0.76) 0.78 (0.64-0.94) 0.58 (0.31-1.08) <0.001
 Multivariable 1.0 0.84 (0.75-0.95) 0.85 (0.75-0.95) 0.89 (0.73-1.09) 0.55 (0.30-1.04) 0.04
Death from Cancer
 No. of deaths 2126 1021 852 233 30
 Age-adjusted 1.0 0.81 (0.75-0.87) 0.78 (0.72-0.84) 0.83 (0.72-0.95) 0.87 (0.60-1.24) <0.001
 Multivariable 1.0 0.97 (0.90-1.05) 0.93 (0.85-1.01) 0.94 (0.82-1.08) 0.86 (0.60-1.23) 0.14
*

Follow-up since 1984. The person-years and cases are different for women from previous tables because of the different years of follow-up. Models included the same covariates as in Table 2, plus caffeinated coffee consumption. Values are relative risks and 95% confidence interval.