Figure 4.

Influence of knockdown of FOXM1a, FOXM1b, and FOXM1c expression on pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. L3.7 cells were transfected with siFOXM1 or control siRNA and injected into nude mice. The tumor-bearing mice were killed when they became moribund or on day 21 after tumor-cell injection. A, tumor growth in the mice. The cells were injected subcutaneously (1 × 10⁶ per mouse) into the right scapular region. Shown are the resulting tumor weights (left), gross tumors (middle), and resected tumors (right). *P < 0.01 in a comparison of the siFOXM1-treated group with the mock-treated and control groups. B, experiments similar to those in A were performed using AsPC-1, BxPC-3, and PANC-1 cells and siFOXM1 or FOXM1a and FOXM1c siRNA (siFOXM1a/c). Shown are representative tumors resected from mice injected with each cell type. C, pancreatic tumor metastasis in the study mice. L3.7 cells (1 × 10⁵ per mouse) were injected into the ileocolic veins of five mice. Shown are the numbers of liver metastases. D, the numbers of gross liver metastases (bottom left) and hematoxylin and eosin-stained liver metastasis sections (bottom right) in the mice in C. *P < 0.01 in a comparison of the siFOXM1-treated group with the mock-treated and control groups.