(A) Moral judgements for low-conflict, self-serving scenarios. The proportion of endorsement of the self-serving action (breaking a moral rule to secure a self-serving outcome, e.g. lying on one’s taxes) is shown for each participant group, with error bars indicating 95% confidence intervals (error bars are asymmetric because of bounds of 0 and 1 for mean proportion). (B) Moral judgements for low-conflict, self-serving scenarios, as a function of different ages of onset of ventromedial PFC damage. The bars represent patients with ventromedial PFC damage acquired in early childhood [ages 0–5; n = 4, from the developmental-onset ventromedial PFC (D-vmPFC) group], late childhood (ages 8–17; n = 4, from the developmental-onset ventromedial PFC group), and adulthood [ages 30–60; n = 6, from the adult-onset ventromedial PFC (A-vmPFC) group]. The black circles represent individual patients in each age group. The proportion of endorsement of the self-serving action is shown for each group, with error bars indicating 95% confidence intervals. NC = neurologically healthy.