Table 1.
Participant data
| ID | Sex | Age | Onset | Chronicity | Education | Handedness | Aetiology | VIQ | PIQ | FSIQ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1953 | F | 33 y 5 m | 1 y 2 m | 32 y 3 m | 12 | +50 | Trauma | 93 | 111 | 101 |
| 2046 | M | 37 y 5 m | 0 y 3 m | 37 y 2 m | 12 | −100 | Resection | 111 | 109 | 110 |
| 2097 | M | 36 y 5 m | 8 y 0 m | 28 y 5 m | 16 | +100 | Resection | 138 | 106 | 125 |
| 2517 | F | 25 y 8 m | 16 y 6 m | 9 y 2 m | 15 | +100 | Resection | 114 | 98 | 107 |
| 2837 | M | 35 y 3 m | 0 y 0 m | 35 y 3 m | 12 | +100 | Resection | 91 | 77 | 84 |
| 2990 | M | 17 y 1 m | 4 y 8 m | 12 y 5 m | 12 | +100 | Trauma | 107* | 117* | 108* |
| 3041 | M | 25 y 4 m | 12 y 1 m | 13 y 3 m | 12 | +100 | Trauma | 89 | 89 | 88 |
| 3095 | M | 18 y 7 m | 11 y 6 m | 7 y 1 m | 13 | +100 | Resection | 132* | 107* | 115* |
Developmental-onset vmPFC,  (SD) |
6M/2F | 28.6 (8.1) | 6.8 (5.8) | 21.9 (12.6) | 13.0 (1.6) | 6R/1L/1M | 109.4 (18.5) | 101.8 (13.1) | 104.8 (13.5) | |
Developmental brain-damaged comparison,  (SD) |
4M/5F | 31.6 (15.8) | 10.4 (5.7) | 21.2 (17.8) | 13.2 (4.0) | 7R/2L | 99.7 (19.4) | 99.4 (13.8) | 95.4 (13.5) | |
Adult-onset vmPFC,  (SD) |
3M/3F | 59.2 (8.7) | 59.4 (8.7) | 12.7 (9.2) | 12.5 (1.9) | 6R | 108.0 (19.4) | 104.2 (17.5) | 107.0 (20.4) | |
Neurologically healthy,  (SD) |
6M/6F | 58.4 (9.0) | 15.9 (2.2) | n/a |
ID is subject number from the Iowa Patient Registry. Age is the patient’s age at test date for the current study, in years and months. Onset is the age of the patient at brain lesion onset. Chronicity is time since lesion onset in years and months from onset to test date. Education is years of formal schooling (e.g. 12 = high school education). Handedness refers to participant handedness from −100 (fully left handed) to +100 (fully right handed), as assessed by the Oldfield-Geschwind questionnaire. Aetiology denotes cause of brain lesion. IQ data from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III or -IV (IV denoted with asterisk) include verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ), and full scale IQ (FSIQ). WAIS-IV scores correspond to verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, and full scale IQ. Individual data are provided for developmental-onset vmPFC cases; group data are provided for all groups. Individual data for adult-onset vmPFC patients were published in Koenigs et al. (2007).