Figure 10.

Effect of phospholipids on endothelial cell proliferation. Effect of phospholipids on HUVEC proliferation was evaluated in a BrdU assay. Bars illustrate DNA synthesis rates after incubation with different concentrations of phospholipid mixtures after 24 hours (A) and 48 hours (B). Values determined in the absence of any additions were set at 100% (control). Thrombin generation rates of different phospholipid mixtures were measured with chromogenic substrate S2238, together with components of the prothrombinase complex. Values determined in the presence of buffer alone were set at 1 (control) (C). Angiogenic potential of various phospholipid mixtures was measured in the spheroid assay. Spheroids were treated with 50 ng/mL VEGF together with the compounds for 48 hours. Bars illustrate mean total length of sprouts of a spheroid (D). Assays were repeated 3 times and performed in triplicate. All values represent means±SD. Groups were statistically different (ANOVA, P<0.05) except those after treatment with 100 μmol/L phospholipids in Figure 10D. ECBM indicates endothelial cell basal medium; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; PBS, phosphate‐buffered saline; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PS, phosphatidylserine; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.