Figure 3. Surface-based maps showing cortical thinning to be slowed by creatine.

(A) Rate maps, according to randomization. (B) Corresponding significance maps. Premanifest Huntington disease (PHD) subjects randomized to placebo demonstrated progressive thinning at rates as high as 0.2 mm/year in several cortical regions, including portions of frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex; these were significant compared with baseline. In contrast, in the PHD subjects randomized to creatine, cortical thinning primarily involved portions of the frontal and temporal cortex and was not significant compared with baseline. The differences in the rates of thinning in the creatine-treated and the placebo-treated groups were significant in a number of regions. These data suggest a beneficial effect of creatine on cortical thinning.