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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Youth Serv Rev. 2013 Oct 10;39:183–206. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.10.002

Appendix Table 9.

Comparison of results for analyses conducted only on states whose foster care maintenance rates were above the national median reimbursement rate in 1991 (high) or only on states that were below the median (low).

Univariate
Multivariate
Low states High states Low states High states Low states High states Low states High states
Foster care maintenance rates for 2 year-olds
Unemployment −36.73** −3.67 −33.58** −1.15 −26.22 −4.78
% Minority children −2.87 −12.85* −0.78 −14.29* 1.46 −2.68
Poverty rate −8.66** 0.08 −3.37 3.10 −3.62 1.66
Urbanicity −10.21 −3.96 −7.61 4.80 −3.89 3.94
Partial Republican Control of State Government −21.70 −3.65 −36.55 −23.85 −33.74 −24.08
Republican Controlled State Government 8.25 −17.15 −25.25 −37.77 −33.55 −39.49*
Constant 1054.23** 1366.91* 396.43*** 418.33*** 727.58* 587.99
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Observations 232–242 240–250 242 250 232 240 232 240
Adjusted R-squared 0.443–0.523 0.727–0.779 0.527 0.756 0.503 0.782 0.547 0.780
Foster care maintenance rates for 9 year-olds
Unemployment −35.87*** −4.48 −32.51** −2.34 −25.28* −6.28
% Minority children −1.99 −12.59* 0.31 −14.47* 2.90 −2.63
Poverty rate −8.59** 0.40 −3.64 3.26 −3.76 2.08
Urbanicity −11.04 −1.57 −9.01 7.38 −5.28 6.06
Partial Republican Control of State Governmen t −18.19 −5.06 −37.03 −21.34 −35.39 −21.47
Republican Controlled State Government 1.91 −12.00 −32.04 −30.45 −42.08 −33.16
Constant 1127.07** 1127.18 433.40*** 488.88*** 777.61* 394.31
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Observations 232–242 240–250 242 250 232 240 232 240
Adjusted R-squared 0.395–0.478 0.694–0.755 0.483 0.730 0.467 0.757 0.514 0.757
Foster care maintenance rates for 16 year-olds
Unemployment −35.19*** −1.50 −31.55** 1.01 −23.54* −5.31
% Minority children −0.74 −12.12* 1.64 −14.14* 4.25 −1.60
Poverty rate −8.70** −0.01 −4.18 2.23 −4.14 1.09
Urbanicity −10.37 −0.85 −8.98 7.95 −5.21 6.46
Partial Republican Control of State Governmen t −14.84 −9.21 −30.46 −25.98 −30.92 −25.79
Republican Controlled State Government 1.36 −8.90 −26.56 −31.37 −38.49 −34.63
Constant 1105.35** 1118.45 436.59*** 597.46*** 717.10* 300.77
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Observations 232–242 240–250 242 250 232 240 232 240
Adjusted R-squared 0.441–0.512 0.699–0.761 0.516 0.729 0.508 0.765 0.548 0.763
Fixed effects only
Low states High states Low states High states

Foster care maintenance rates for 2 year-olds
Constant 337.05*** 448.14*** 369.49*** 439.19***
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects No No Yes Yes
Observations 242 250 242 250
Adjusted R-squared 0.388 0.731 0.443 0.728
Foster care maintenance rates for 9 year-olds
Constant 368.05*** 519.02*** 393.70*** 510.78***
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects No No Yes Yes
Observations 242 250 242 250
Adjusted R-squared 0.367 0.697 0.396 0.696
Foster care maintenance rates for 16 year-olds
Constant 383.71*** 647.87*** 401.55*** 618.72***
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes Yes
Year fixed effects No No Yes Yes
Observations 242 250 242 250
Adjusted R-squared 0.433 0.684 0.444 0.700
*

p < 0.1,

**

p < 0.05, and

***

p < 0.01.