Table 2.

Relationship of state foster care maintenance rates to socioeconomic, demographic and political factors from 1991 to 2008.

	Univariate	Multivariate			Fixed effects only
		Socioeconomic variables	Political variables	Socioeconomic and political variables
Foster care maintenance rates for 2 year-olds
Unemployment	−19.76**	−17.30**		−15.79*
% Minority children	−7.80	−7.11		−1.24
Poverty rate	−5.59*	−1.76		−2.54
Urbanicity	−3.58	2.28		4.31
Partial Republican control of state Government	−12.86		−35.95*	−36.20*
Republican controlled state Government	−9.08		−40.93*	−44.22**
State fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Constant		599.13*	373.43***	281.51	337.05***	335.10***
Observations	472–492	492	472	472	492	492
Adjusted R-squared	(0.70–0.73)	0.73	0.73	0.74	0.71	0.71
Foster care maintenance rates for 9 year-olds
Unemployment	−19.72**	−17.49**		−15.82**
% Minority children	−7.19	−6.51		−0.32
Poverty rate	−5.29*	−1.57		−2.34
Urbanicity	−3.32	2.17		4.38
Partial Republican control of state Government	−11.53		−33.94	−34.83*
Republican controlled state Government	−9.66		−39.73	−43.90*
State fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Constant		606.43*	400.34***	263.21	368.05***	363.13***
Observations	472–492	492	472	472	492	492
Adjusted R-squared	(0.66–0.69)	0.68	0.70	0.71	0.66	0.66
Foster care maintenance rates for 16 year-olds
Unemployment	−17.84**	−15.29*		−14.31*
% Minority children	−6.34	−5.68		0.76
Poverty rate	−5.68**	−2.51		−3.26
Urbanicity	−2.18	2.89		5.44
Partial Republican control of state Government	−11.82		−33.96	−35.74*
Republican controlled state Government	−9.16		−39.25*	−44.56*
State fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Constant		537.04	402.40***	167.27	383.71***	365.07***
Observations	472–492	492	472	472	492	492
Adjusted R-squared	(0.66–0.69)	0.68	0.7	0.71	0.66	0.66

^*p < 0.10,

^**p < 0.05,

^***p < 0.01.