Figure 4. Subsequent Memory Effects.

A. Brain activation during correct retrieval of pairs at Test 1: contrast is between those trials that were again correctly recalled on Test 2 vs. those that were not correctly recalled the second time. B. Brain activation during initial encoding of pairs (i.e., the study phase): contrast between encoding for trials that were subsequently recalled correctly on Test 1 vs. those that were not. C. Brain activation during re-study of pairs following an incorrect recall: contrast is between items later successfully recalled (on Test 2) vs. those that were not.