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. 2014 Mar 19;34(12):4371–4381. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4943-13.2014

Figure 6.

Figure 6.

Ghost bouton budding is accompanied by local rearrangements of the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton. A, Animals presynaptically expressing the membrane marker CD8-RFP and the F-actin marker GMA-GFP were imaged before and after high K+ stimulation. New F-actin puncta (arrowheads) are observed at sites of budding (arrows) where newly formed ghost boutons (double arrowheads) attach to the main axonal arbor. Scale bar, 6 μm. B, Application of 10 μm latrunculin A to the bath solution rapidly disperses F-actin puncta, while application of 10 μm jasplakinolide causes formation and stabilization of F-actin puncta. Scale bar, 6 μm. C, Wild-type animals pretreated with latrunculin A or jasplakinolide for 15 min before high K+ stimulation display a reduction in ghost bouton budding frequency. N (NMJs, animals): no drug = 30, 4; latrunculin A = 35, 5; jasplakinolide = 30, 4. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; ANOVA. Error bars indicate SEM.