FIG. 2.

In the TBI rats treated with placebo only, there was an increase in neural degeneration. In the placebo group there was an increase in the number of condensed nuclei (A). Also, there was a decrease in the numbers of cortical neurons in the ipsilateral cortex, and an increase in non-intact neurons (B). One-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post-hoc test was used to determine if the observations were significantly different (p<0.001; scale bar=50 μm; n=6 for non-injured controls, 8 for shams, 12 for placebo, and 11 for estrone; TBI, traumatic brain injury; Ipsi, ipsilateral; Contra, contralateral).