Table 2.

Catalytic constants and activation parameters of a few cold-adapted enzymes as compared with mesophilic counterparts.

Enzyme	Type	T (°C)	kcat(s−1)	ΔG*	ΔH*	TΔS*	Reference
				kJ/mole
Amylase	Psy	10	294.0	57.7	34.7	−23.0	[32]
	Mes		97.0	58.5	46.4	−12.1
Arginine kinase	Psy	25	3.3	69.4	18.8	−50.6	[33]
	Mes		13.4	66.6	41.9	−4.7
Cellulase	Psy	4	0.18	71.6	46.2	−25.4	[34]
	Mes		0.01	78.2	65.8	−12.4
Chitinase	Psy	15	1.7	69.2	60.2	−9.0	[31]
	Mes		3.9	67.2	74.3	+7.1
Chitobiase	Psy	15	3.8	59.5	44.7	−14.8	[35]
	Mes		0.9	63.5	71.5	+8.0
Citrate synthase	Psy				7.4	ΔS* = 22.7	[20]
	Mes				11.5	ΔS* = 9.7
Endonuclease	Psy	5	9.41	62.8	33.4	−29.4	[23]
	Mes		1.03	67.9	74.0	+6.1
LDH	Psy	0	250.0	75.0	22.0	−53.0	[25]
	Mes		72.0	75.0	45.0	−30.0
Lysozyme	Psy			45.1	31.9	−13.2	[36]
	Mes			46.2	49.4	+3.2
Subtilisin	Psy	15	25.4	62.0	36.0	−26.5	[37]
	Mes		5.4	66.0	46.0	−20.2
Xylanase (bact)	Psy	10	515.5	54.0	21.0	−33.0	[38]
	Mes		59.5	60.0	58.0	−2.0
Xylanase (yeast)	Psy	5	14.8	52.3	45.3	−7.0	[39]
	Mes		4.9	54.6	49.9	−4.7