Figure 2. Linkage disequilibrium.

Visualizations of tests for linkage disequilibrium, where observed values (blue dashed lines) of I_A and ${\overline{r}}_d$ are compared to histograms showing results of 999 permutations using method 1 in Table 1. Results are shown for the sexual population 5 of the nancycats data set (Jombart, 2008) (A) and for the clonal Athena population of the Aeut data set (Grünwald et al., 2003) (B).