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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 20.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Genet. 2010 Jan 13;68:83–104. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2660(09)68004-4

Figure 4.8.

Figure 4.8

Breathing rate is an endophenotype for risk-taking behavior. The number of opercular beats in 15 s after handling is positively correlated with predator inspection (Bell et al., 2009). Methods: Individuals were subjected to brief handling stress and the number of opercular beats was counted. At least 24 h after, the fish was presented with a live pike and the number of predator inspections in 15 min was recorded. The partial correlation coefficient (controlling for population) is statistically significant (r =0.211, n =168, p =0.006) and was not related to body size.