Table 2.

Examples of potential misuse of .health second-level domain names.

Example	Possible applicants	Potential risks
tobacco.health	Tobacco manufacturers, industry marketing representatives, questionable corporate social responsibility platforms	Misinformation regarding health risks associated with tobacco use and products. Use of economic incentives and unregulated online marketing (eg, cigarette coupons) to induce demand for products.
vaccination.health	Anti-vaccination activists, vaccination adverse event plaintiff attorneys/solicitors, faith-based groups opposed to vaccinations on non-scientific grounds	Misinformation regarding the health risks associated with vaccination use could lead to public misperception and fear, resulting in lower vaccination rates and potential impact on maintaining population herd-immunity.
diet.health	Obesity-related food and beverage manufacturers, marketing companies of “health” products and related weight loss supplements without proven efficacy, direct-to-consumer advertising by pharmaceutical manufacturers.	Misinformation regarding health behavior and risks associated with obesity could result in unhealthy consumption behavior, promotion of unhealthy foods and beverages, use of unapproved/non-scientifically validated weight loss products, and possible overprescribing of obesity-related drugs through DTCA.
miraclecure.health	Telemarketers with unproven medical and health products, marketers of unapproved treatments (eg, unregulated stem cell clinics), marketing towards vulnerable patient populations (eg, rare diseases, diseases without treatment options)	The claim of this second-level domain name alone is cause for concern as it implies a “miracle” cure for a certain health-related condition. Whether such clearly risky descriptive domains will be restricted or reserved by current .health applicants is not clear.