Table 3.
Quantitative Right-Sided Parameters Considered in Studies Evaluating Echocardiography for Prediction of Right Ventricular Failure
| Study | Patients | Echocardiographic RV Parameters Considered | Univariate Echo Predictors | Multivariate Echo Predictors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potapov et al (2008)25 | N=54, mean age 52, male 91% | RV short/long axis ratio, RV EDD, RA diameter, RV EF, TR | RV short/long axis ratio, RV EDD, RV EF, TR, LV EDD | - RV short/long axis ratio - TR grade III-IV |
| Puwanant et al (2008)24 | N=33, mean age 54, BTT 67%, DT 21%, BTR 12%, | RV FAC, RV MPI, TAPSE, RA volume, TR, RV systolic pressure | TAPSE, RV systolic pressure | - Multivariate analysis not performed |
| Kukucka et al (2011)28* | N=115, mean age 54, male 90% | R/L EDD ratio, RV areas, RV FAC RV volumes, RV EF, TAPSE | R/L EDD ratio | - Multivariate analysis not performed |
| Topilsky et al (2011)27 | N=83, BTT 33%, DT 67%, mean age 63, male 81% | Qualitative RV function, TR velocity, TRDc, RV ejection time, TR vena contracta width, TAPSE, MPI | TRDc, MPI, TR-RV ejection time | - LVEDD, TRDc |
| Grant et al (2012)10 | N=117, mean age 58, male 79%, BTT 67%, DT 33% | RV FAC, RV dysfunction (visual semi-quantitative), TAPSE, R/L ratio, TR, RV free wall strain | RV dysfunction (visual semi-quantitative), RV free wall strain | - RV free wall strain |
| Kato et al (2012)29 | N=111, mean age 56, male 78% | RV FAC, TAPSE | LV EDD, LV ESD, LV EF, LA diameter to LV EDD (ratio) | - LVEDD - LVEF - LA diameter to LV EDD |
| Raina et al (2013)31 | N=55, mean age 54, male 71%, BTT 65%, DT 35% | RV dimensions and areas, R/L EDD ratio, RV FAC, TAPSE, RA pressure, RV outflow tract VTI | RVFAC, RA pressure, LA volume | - None |
| Kato et al (2013)32 | N=68, mean age 63, 90% male | RV EDD, RV FAC, TAPSE, TDI S’, TDI E’, RV E/E’, RV global strain | RVFAC, TAPSE, RV E/E’, RV global strain | - Multivariate analysis not performed |
| Vivo et al (2013)33 | N=109, BTT 49%, DT 49%, BT 2%, mean age 54, male 77% | RV diameter, RV area, RV FAC, qualitative RV size and function, TAPSE, TDI S’, RV CI, TR velocity and severity, RA pressure, RV/LV diameter ratio, PASP | RV/LV diameter, RVSWI | - Increased RV/LV diameter ratio |
BTR: bridge-to-recovery; BTT: bridge-to-transplantation; CI: cardiac index; DT: destination therapy; E’: early diastolic tricuspid annular velocity; EDD: end-diastolic diameter; E/E’: tricuspid early inflow velocity to early diastolic annular velocity ratio; EF: ejection fraction; ESD: end-systolic diameter; FAC: fractional area change; LA: left atrial; LV: left ventricular; MPI: myocardial performance index; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RA: right atrial; RV: right ventricular; RVSWI: right ventricular stroke work index; S’: tricuspid annular systolic velocity; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TDI: tissue Doppler imaging; TR: tricuspid regurgitation; TRDc: duration of TR corrected for heart rate; VTI: velocity time integral.
Transesophageal echocardiography.
For studies without BTT vs. DT information, indication was not reported in the original publication.