Table 3.

Leading enzyme manufacturers.

Company	Location	Patent applicationsa	Established year	Major products	Market shareb (%)
Novozymes	Bagsvaerd, Denmark	902	1921	House hold care, food and beverage, bioenergy, Feed and other Technique enzymes, biophamaceuticals	47
Genencor	Copenhagen, Denmark	355	1982	Biofuels, food, animal nutrition, textiles, Detergents	21
DSM	Delft, the Netherlands	398	1952	Animal nutrition, food ingredients, personal care, pharmaceutical	6
Roche	Grenzacherstrabe, Switzerland	319	1896	Diagnostics, pharmaceuticals	20
Amano	Nagoya, Japan	147	1899	Pharmaceuticals, dietary supplement, biotransformation, diagnositics, food processing
AB Enzymes	Feldbergstrasse, Germany	22	1907	Feed additives, food, textile, detergent, pulp & paper, biofuels
BASF	Ludwigshafen, Germany	432	1865	Feed additives, pharmaceuticals, detergents
Chr. Hansen	Horsholm, Denmark	12	1870s	enzymes for cheese
Shin-Nihon	Aichi, Japan	2	-	Food, animal nutrition, biofuels
ADM	Illinois, USA	2	1923	Food, feed, biofuels	5
KAO	Tokyo, Japan	409	1882	Beauty Care, human health care, fabric and home Care
BioZyme	Joseph, MO	7	more than 50 years	Animal nutrition
Verenium	San Diego, USA	75	-	Animal health and nutrition, grain processing, oilfield services	5
Iogen	Ontario, Canada	39	1970s	Biofuels, pulp & paper, textile, grain processing and brewing, animal feed
Dyadic	Florida, USA	11	1979	Food, brewing & animal feed enzymes, biofuels, pulp & paper, textile Enzymes
Meiji	Tokyo, Japan	136	1916	Food
Enmex	Tlalnepantla, Mexco	1	1961	α-amylase, alkaline protease
Nagase	Osaka, Japan	79	1832	Pharmaceuticals, food, agriculture, household, textiles

^aThe data were from Derwent Innovations Index from 1981 to 2011 using enzyme as keyword.

^bSome of the data are from the Danisco annual report for 2010 [41].