Table 1.

Specific examples of artificial microbial consortia, respective interaction type and brief description. Examples are ordered based on date of publication.

Consortium Composition and Environmental Context	Interaction Type	Application and Major Conclusions	Reference
Marine fungus, Pestolotia sp., cocultured with gram negative bacteria	Competitive interactions	Production of antibiotic, pestalone, by Pestolotia sp. in the presence of the bacterial strain CNJ-328	Cueto et al 2001 [78]
Microbial fuel cell cocultures; Clostridium cellulolyticum and Geobacter sulfurreducens	Commensalism through metabolite exchange	Cellulose degradation by C. cellulolyticum produced acetate, ethanol and hydrogen used by exoelectrogenic oxidizer G. sulfurreducens	Ren et al 2007 [26]
Papaya juice fermentation with S. cerevisiae and Williopsis saturnus	Mutualistic division of resource	Fermentation products including complex aroma compounds were produced during coculturing for papaya wine production	Lee et al 2010 [38]
Fermentation of date palm spoilage by Clostridium acetobutylicum and Bacillus subtilis	Commensalism through micro- environment manipulation	Oxygen removed from culture by B. subtilis encouraged fermentation of date palm spoilage by C. acetobutylicum to acetone, ethanol and butanol	Abd-Alla and El-Enany 2012 [79]